Hermens J L
Research Institute of Toxicology, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:219-25. doi: 10.1289/ehp.9087219.
Effect concentrations in fish LC50 tests with directly acting electrophiles are lower than those of unreactive chemicals that act by narcosis. LC50 values of more hydrophobic reactive chemicals tend to approach those of unreactive chemicals. Quantitative studies to correlate fish LC50 data to physical-chemical properties indicate that LC50 values of reactive chemicals depend on hydrophobicity as well as chemical reactivity. In this paper, several examples will be given of chemical structures that are known as direct electrophiles. This classification might be useful to identify chemicals that are more effective at lower concentrations than unreactive compounds. Chemicals that require bioactivation are not included because almost no information is available on the influence of bioactivation on acute toxic effects in aquatic organisms.
在鱼类LC50测试中，直接作用亲电试剂的效应浓度低于通过麻醉作用的非反应性化学物质的效应浓度。疏水性更强的反应性化学物质的LC50值往往接近非反应性化学物质的LC50值。将鱼类LC50数据与物理化学性质相关联的定量研究表明，反应性化学物质的LC50值取决于疏水性以及化学反应性。本文将给出几个已知为直接亲电试剂的化学结构示例。这种分类对于识别在较低浓度下比非反应性化合物更有效的化学物质可能有用。需要生物活化的化学物质不包括在内，因为几乎没有关于生物活化对水生生物急性毒性影响的信息。
