Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Vestfold University College, PO Box 2243, N-3103 Tønsberg, Norway.
Health Promot Int. 2013 Sep;28(3):387-96. doi: 10.1093/heapro/das022. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
The objectives of this study were to investigate whether psychological job demands, personal control and social support affect the negative health measure of depression differently than the positive measure of work engagement and to investigate whether work engagement mediates the effects of job demands and resources on the level of depression. We discuss the implications of using engagement as an outcome measure in workplace health promotion. We performed a cross-sectional questionnaire study among a general working population in Norway (n = 605). In the multivariate analysis, high psychological job demands as well as high control and social support correlated significantly with high work engagement. High demands as well as low control and social support correlated significantly with high levels of depression. When we included engagement as an independent variable together with demands, control and social support in the multivariate analysis, the positive correlation between demands and depression remained as well as the significant correlations between the level of depression and control and social support became non-significant. This indicates that engagement mediates the effects of control and social support on the level of depression. Encouraging enterprises to improve engagement in addition to focusing on preventing diseases may be worthwhile in workplace health promotion. Promoting engagement may have more positive organizational effects than a more traditional disease prevention focus, because engagement is contagious and closely related to good work performance and motivation.
本研究旨在探讨心理工作要求、个人控制和社会支持是否对抑郁这一消极健康指标的影响与工作投入这一积极指标不同，以及工作投入是否在工作要求和资源对抑郁程度的影响中起中介作用。我们讨论了将投入作为工作场所健康促进的结果指标的意义。我们在挪威的一般工作人群中进行了一项横断面问卷调查研究（n=605）。在多变量分析中，较高的心理工作要求以及较高的控制感和社会支持与较高的工作投入显著相关。较高的要求以及较低的控制感和社会支持与较高的抑郁水平显著相关。当我们在多变量分析中将投入作为一个独立变量与需求、控制和社会支持一起纳入时，需求与抑郁之间的正相关仍然存在，而抑郁水平与控制和社会支持之间的显著相关性变得不显著。这表明投入在控制和社会支持对抑郁水平的影响中起中介作用。鼓励企业除了注重预防疾病外，提高投入可能在工作场所健康促进中是值得的。与更传统的疾病预防重点相比，促进投入可能会产生更积极的组织效果，因为投入具有感染力，与良好的工作表现和动力密切相关。
