University of Miami, Epidemiology and Public Health, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1425 N.W. 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Sep;125 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S26-34. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.05.020. Epub 2012 Jun 13.
To ascertain the effects of parent-adolescent acculturation gaps, perceived discrimination, and perceived negative context of reception on adolescent cigarette smoking, alcohol use, sexual activity, and sexual risk taking. We used an expanded, multidimensional model of acculturation.
A sample of 302 recently immigrated parent-adolescent dyads (152 from Miami and 150 from Los Angeles) completed measures of acculturation (Hispanic and American practices and identifications, and individualist and collectivist values) and parent-adolescent communication. Adolescents completed measures of recent cigarette smoking, alcohol use, sexual behavior, and sexual risk taking.
Parent-adolescent gaps in American practices and ethnic identity, and perceptions of a negative context of reception, predicted compromised parent-adolescent communication. In Miami only, adolescent-reported communication negatively predicted odds of cigarette smoking, occasions of drunkenness, and number of sexual partners. Also in Miami only, parent-reported communication positively predicted these outcomes, as well as occasions of adolescent binge drinking, drunkenness, number of sexual partners, and odds of unprotected sex. The only significant findings in Los Angeles were protective effects of parent-reported communication on frequency of alcohol use and of binge drinking. Mediational effects emerged only in the Miami sample.
Effects of parent-adolescent acculturation gaps vary across Hispanic groups and receiving contexts. The especially strong parental control in many Mexican families may account for these differences. However, other important differences between Hispanic subgroups and communities of reception could also account for these differences. Prevention efforts might encourage Hispanic youth both to retain their culture of origin and to acquire American culture.
确定父母-青少年文化适应差距、感知歧视和感知负面接纳环境对青少年吸烟、饮酒、性行为和性冒险的影响。我们使用了扩展的、多维的文化适应模型。
一组 302 对最近移民的父母-青少年（152 对来自迈阿密，150 对来自洛杉矶）完成了文化适应（西班牙裔和美国实践和认同，以及个人主义和集体主义价值观）和父母-青少年沟通的测量。青少年完成了最近吸烟、饮酒、性行为和性冒险的测量。
父母-青少年在美式实践和族裔认同方面的差距，以及对负面接纳环境的感知，预测了父母-青少年沟通的受损。仅在迈阿密，青少年报告的沟通负面预测了吸烟、醉酒次数和性伴侣数量的几率。同样仅在迈阿密，父母报告的沟通积极预测了这些结果，以及青少年狂饮、醉酒、性伴侣数量和无保护性行为的几率。在洛杉矶唯一显著的发现是父母报告的沟通对饮酒频率和狂饮的保护作用。仅在迈阿密样本中出现了中介效应。
父母-青少年文化适应差距的影响因西班牙裔群体和接收环境而异。许多墨西哥家庭中特别强烈的父母控制可能解释了这些差异。然而，西班牙裔亚群体和接收社区之间的其他重要差异也可能解释了这些差异。预防工作可能会鼓励西班牙裔青年既保留他们的原籍文化，又获得美国文化。
