Rechtschaffen A
Sleep. 1978 Sep;1(1):97-109. doi: 10.1093/sleep/1.1.97.
Dreams are descirbed as "single-minded," meaning that they tend to be unaccompanied by other, simultaneous streams of thought and imagery. Four manifestations of single-mindedness are discussed: (1) the absence of a reflective awareness that one is dreaming while the dream is in progress; (2) the absence of alternative images and thoughts while attending to the primary dream content; (3) the tendency for dream content to stay on a single thematic track; (4) the absence of a set to remember the dream while it is in progress. This isolation of dream content, from other thought systems is then considered as but one manifestation of a more generalized relative isolation of dream content, which includes isolation from presleep stimuli, contemporaneous stimuli, organismic state, and autonomic and motor activity. Some of the implications of dream isolation for dream psychophysiology and theories of dreaming are outlined.
梦被描述为“单一思维的”,意思是它们往往不会伴随着其他同时出现的思维和意象流。文中讨论了单一思维的四种表现:(1)在梦进行过程中缺乏对自己正在做梦的反思性觉知;(2)在关注主要梦境内容时缺乏其他意象和思维;(3)梦境内容倾向于停留在单一主题轨道上;(4)在梦进行过程中缺乏记住梦的意向。梦境内容与其他思维系统的这种隔离随后被视为梦境内容更普遍的相对隔离的一种表现,这种相对隔离包括与睡前刺激、同时期刺激、机体状态以及自主和运动活动的隔离。文中概述了梦境隔离对梦的心理生理学和梦的理论的一些影响。