俄罗斯北部6岁儿童龋齿患病情况的城乡差异

Urban-rural differences in dental caries experience among 6-year-old children in the Russian north.

作者信息

Gorbatova M A, Gorbatova L N, Pastbin M U, Grjibovski A M

机构信息

Paediatric Dentistry Department, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia.

出版信息

Rural Remote Health. 2012;12:1999. Epub 2012 Jun 14.

PMID:22702845

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Russians residing in rural areas, particularly in the north, have poorer health in general and lower life expectancy compared with urban residents. Little is known about dental health in the north of Russia, given that the last national oral health survey was performed more than 10 years ago. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and experience of dental caries among 6-year-old children in a remote region in Northwest Russia.

METHODS

In total, 532 children aged 6 years were recruited in 5 randomly selected rural and urban settings of the Arkhangelsk region. Girls comprised 50.8% of the sample. Caries experience was assessed at D3 (cavitation) level by a single calibrated examiner. The prevalence of caries was calculated as the number of children with at least one affected tooth (decayed or missing or filled) divided by the number of examined children x 100% with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Caries experience was estimated using a sum of decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft index) and presented as means and 95% CIs. Dichotomous and continuous data were analysed using Χ² and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively.

RESULTS

The prevalence of caries was 93.4% (95% CI: 90.9-95.2) with a mean dmft of 6.71 (95%CI: 6.37-7.04). On average, there were 5.48 (95% CI: 5.16-5.80) decayed, 0.44 (95% CI: 0.37-0.51) missing and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67-0.91) filled teeth. Although the overall caries experience was similar in rural and in urban areas (6.52 vs 6.41, p=0.742), the number of decayed teeth in rural areas was greater (5.94 vs 4.91, p=0.001). Moreover, there were fewer missing teeth (0.31 vs 0.59, p<0.001) and filled teeth (0.45 vs 1.19, p<0.001) in rural areas. Boys had a greater number of affected teeth than girls (7.12 vs 6.32, p=0.023).

CONCLUSIONS

The levels of both caries prevalence and caries experience in the region exceeded the Russian average and corresponding levels in most European countries. Both urban-rural and sex variations in caries experience and its components were observed. Urgent preventive dental public health measures on both population and individual levels are needed to improve the situation.

摘要

引言

与城市居民相比，居住在农村地区尤其是北部地区的俄罗斯人总体健康状况较差，预期寿命较低。鉴于上次全国口腔健康调查是在十多年前进行的，俄罗斯北部的牙齿健康情况鲜为人知。本研究的目的是估计俄罗斯西北部偏远地区6岁儿童的龋齿患病率和患病情况。

方法

在阿尔汉格尔斯克地区随机选择的5个农村和城市地区共招募了532名6岁儿童。样本中女孩占50.8%。由一名经过校准的检查人员在D3（龋洞形成）水平评估龋齿患病情况。龋齿患病率的计算方法是，至少有一颗患牙（龋坏、缺失或已充填）的儿童数量除以检查儿童的数量×100%，并给出95%置信区间（CI）。使用龋坏、缺失、已充填牙数总和（dmft指数）估计龋齿患病情况，并以均值和95%CI表示。分别使用卡方检验和曼-惠特尼检验分析二分数据和连续数据。

结果

龋齿患病率为93.4%（95%CI：90.9 - 95.2），平均dmft为6.71（95%CI：6.37 - 7.04）。平均有5.48颗（95%CI：5.16 - 5.80）龋坏牙、0.44颗（95%CI：0.37 - 0.51）缺失牙和0.79颗（95%CI：0.67 - 0.91）已充填牙。虽然农村和城市地区的总体龋齿患病情况相似（6.52对6.41，p = 0.742），但农村地区的龋坏牙数量更多（5.94对4.91，p = 0.001）。此外，农村地区的缺失牙（0.31对0.59，p < 0.001）和已充填牙（0.45对1.19，p < 0.001）较少。男孩的患牙数量比女孩多（7.12对6.32，p = 0.023）。