Vision Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ont, K1H 8L6, Canada.
Trends Neurosci. 2012 Sep;35(9):565-73. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.05.004. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
The vertebrate retina is a well-characterized and tractable model for studying neurogenesis. Retinal neurons and glia are generated in a conserved sequence from a pool of multipotent progenitor cells, and numerous cell fate determinants for the different classes of retinal cell types have been identified. Here, we summarize several recent developments in the field that have advanced understanding of the regulation of multipotentiality and temporal competence of progenitors. We also discuss recent insights into the relative influence of lineage-based versus stochastic modes of cell fate determination. Enhancing and integrating knowledge of the molecular and genetic machinery underlying retinal development is critically important for understanding not only normal developmental mechanisms, but also therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring vision loss.
脊椎动物的视网膜是研究神经发生的一个特征明确且易于研究的模型。视网膜神经元和神经胶质细胞从多能祖细胞池中按保守顺序产生，并且已经鉴定出许多不同视网膜细胞类型的细胞命运决定因子。在这里，我们总结了该领域的一些最新进展，这些进展提高了对多潜能性和祖细胞时间能力的调控的理解。我们还讨论了最近对基于谱系的与随机的细胞命运决定模式相对影响的见解。增强和整合视网膜发育背后的分子和遗传机制的知识对于理解不仅是正常的发育机制，而且对于旨在恢复视力丧失的治疗干预措施都是至关重要的。
