HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
AIDS. 2012 Jun 19;26(10):1255-60. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835461b5.
HIV type 1 (HIV-1) displays a greater degree of genetic and antigenic variability than any other virus studied. This diversity reflects a high mutation rate during viral replication with a large turnover of virus, and a high tolerance of variation while maintaining reproductive capacity. Generation of diversity is a common property of lentiviruses such as HIV. Differences in virulence and in transmissibility are seen between different HIV-1 strains which may have clinical implications. The great degree of HIV diversity presents challenges to maintaining sensitivity to antiretroviral therapy and to the development of preventive strategies such as microbicides and vaccines.
HIV 型 1（HIV-1）比任何其他研究过的病毒显示出更大程度的遗传和抗原变异性。这种多样性反映了病毒复制过程中的高突变率和大量病毒更替，以及在保持生殖能力的同时对变异的高度容忍。多样性的产生是 HIV 等慢病毒的共同特性。不同 HIV-1 毒株之间存在毒力和传染性的差异，这可能具有临床意义。HIV 的高度多样性给维持抗逆转录病毒治疗的敏感性以及开发预防性策略（如杀微生物剂和疫苗）带来了挑战。
