Gounder Kamini, Oyaro Micah, Padayachi Nagavelli, Zulu Thando Mbali, de Oliveira Tulio, Wylie John, Ndung'u Thumbi
1 HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, South Africa .
2 Africa Health Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, South Africa .
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2017 May;33(5):500-510. doi: 10.1089/AID.2016.0321. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
Drug users are increasingly recognized as a key population driving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spread in sub-Saharan Africa. To determine HIV-1 subtypes circulating in this population group and explore possible geographic differences, we analyzed HIV-1 sequences among drug users from Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu in Kenya. We sequenced gag and env from 55 drug users. Subtype analysis from 220 gag clonal sequences from 54 of 55 participants (median = 4/participant) showed that 44.4% were A, 16.7% were C, 3.7% were D, and 35.2% were intersubtype recombinants. Of 156 env clonal sequences from 48 of 55 subjects (median = 3/participant), 45.8% were subtype A, 14.6% were C, 6.3% were D, and 33.3% were recombinants. Comparative analysis of both genes showed that 30 (63.8%) participants had concordant subtypes, while 17 (36.2%) were discordant. We identified one genetically linked transmission pair and two cases of dual infection. These data are indicative of extensive HIV-1 intersubtype recombination in Kenya and suggest decline in subtype D prevalence.
吸毒者日益被视为推动人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）在撒哈拉以南非洲传播的关键人群。为了确定该人群中流行的HIV-1亚型并探索可能的地理差异，我们分析了肯尼亚内罗毕、蒙巴萨和基苏木吸毒者中的HIV-1序列。我们对55名吸毒者的gag和env基因进行了测序。对55名参与者中54名的220个gag克隆序列（中位数=每个参与者4个）进行的亚型分析显示，44.4%为A亚型，16.7%为C亚型，3.7%为D亚型，35.2%为亚型间重组体。在55名受试者中48名的156个env克隆序列（中位数=每个参与者3个）中，45.8%为A亚型，14.6%为C亚型，6.3%为D亚型，33.3%为重组体。对两个基因的比较分析显示，30名（63.8%）参与者的亚型一致，而17名（36.2%）不一致。我们确定了一对基因关联的传播配对和两例双重感染病例。这些数据表明肯尼亚存在广泛的HIV-1亚型间重组，并提示D亚型流行率下降。
