冰毒对大脑和行为的影响：任何速度都不安全？
Methamphetamine influences on brain and behavior: unsafe at any speed?
机构信息
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
出版信息
Trends Neurosci. 2012 Sep;35(9):536-45. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.05.006. Epub 2012 Jun 16.
Abstract
Methamphetamine damages monoamine-containing nerve terminals in the brains of both animals and human drug abusers, and the cellular mechanisms underlying this injury have been extensively studied. More recently, the growing evidence for methamphetamine influences on memory and executive function of human users has prompted studies of cognitive impairments in methamphetamine-exposed animals. After summarizing current knowledge about the cellular mechanisms of methamphetamine-induced brain injury, this review emphasizes research into the brain changes that underlie the cognitive deficits that accompany repeated methamphetamine exposure. Novel approaches to mitigating or reversing methamphetamine-induced brain and behavioral changes are described, and it is argued that the slow spontaneous reversibility of the injury produced by this drug may offer opportunities for novel treatment development.
摘要
甲基苯丙胺会损害动物和人类药物滥用者大脑中含单胺的神经末梢，并且该损伤的细胞机制已得到广泛研究。最近，越来越多的证据表明，甲基苯丙胺会影响人类使用者的记忆和执行功能，这促使人们对接触过甲基苯丙胺的动物的认知障碍进行了研究。在总结了目前关于甲基苯丙胺引起的脑损伤的细胞机制的知识之后，本篇综述强调了对与反复接触甲基苯丙胺相关的认知缺陷的基础的大脑变化的研究。本文描述了减轻或逆转甲基苯丙胺引起的大脑和行为变化的新方法，并认为这种药物引起的损伤的缓慢自发逆转可能为新的治疗方法的发展提供机会。
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