Prasad Savita, Mathew Phoebe S, Piper Brian J, Kaur Karndeep, Tian Maria
Medical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 11;15(6):e40259. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40259. eCollection 2023 Jun.
The methamphetamine epidemic continues to worsen each year and has contributed to more overdose deaths than opioids. Methamphetamine was listed in the top ten lethal drugs in 2021 in the United States. The drug has been shown to cause health problems such as addiction and neurological and behavioral changes. One possible solution to address this crisis is through vaccinations. Vaccinations consist of injecting a controlled substance with the goal of creating compound-specific antibodies. Although still early in development, vaccinations have been found to improve withdrawal symptoms and decrease drug-seeking behavior with minimal health side effects in rodent studies. This paper provides an overview of the clinical presentation and neurobiology of methamphetamine addiction and drug-seeking behaviors. The responses and adverse effects of conjugate vaccines IXTv-100 with adjuvant glucopyranosyl lipid A administered in oil-water stable emulsion and tetanus-toxoid conjugated to succinyl-methamphetamine adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide combined with adjuvant E6020 are examined.
甲基苯丙胺流行情况每年都在持续恶化，且导致的过量用药死亡人数超过了阿片类药物。甲基苯丙胺在2021年被列为美国十大致命药物之一。该药物已被证明会导致成瘾以及神经和行为改变等健康问题。解决这一危机的一个可能办法是通过接种疫苗。接种疫苗包括注射一种受控物质，目的是产生化合物特异性抗体。尽管仍处于研发早期，但在啮齿动物研究中发现，接种疫苗能改善戒断症状并减少觅药行为，且健康副作用极小。本文概述了甲基苯丙胺成瘾及觅药行为的临床表现和神经生物学。研究了在油水稳定乳剂中给药的含佐剂吡喃葡萄糖基脂质A的结合疫苗IXTv - 100以及吸附在氢氧化铝上并与佐剂E6020联合使用的与琥珀酰甲基苯丙胺结合的破伤风类毒素的反应和不良反应。
