Landaw S A
State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse.
Clin Lab Med. 1990 Dec;10(4):857-71.
The diagnosis of polycythemia requires an accurate and independent assessment of both plasma volume and red blood cell mass. Patients with an increased red cell mass (absolute polycythemia) may be hypoxic or have an erythropoietin-secreting tumor or space-occupying lesion compressing the kidney. Those with a reduced plasma volume (relative polycythemia) most often are tobacco smokers, are taking diuretic or cardiac medications, or ingest increased quantities of caffeine-containing beverages. On the other hand, polycythemia vera is a systemic disease with multiple complications, which is best diagnosed through a complex of findings as outlined by the Polycythemia Vera Study Group.
真性红细胞增多症的诊断需要对血浆容量和红细胞量进行准确且独立的评估。红细胞量增加（绝对性红细胞增多症）的患者可能存在缺氧情况，或患有分泌促红细胞生成素的肿瘤，或有压迫肾脏的占位性病变。血浆容量减少（相对性红细胞增多症）的患者大多是吸烟者，正在服用利尿剂或心脏药物，或摄入了大量含咖啡因的饮料。另一方面，真性红细胞增多症是一种伴有多种并发症的全身性疾病，最好通过真性红细胞增多症研究组概述的一系列检查结果来诊断。
