Nectin 4 是麻疹病毒的上皮细胞受体。

Nectin 4 is the epithelial cell receptor for measles virus.

机构信息

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 1X5, Canada.

出版信息

Trends Microbiol. 2012 Sep;20(9):429-39. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2012.05.006. Epub 2012 Jun 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2012.05.006

Abstract

Measles virus (MV) causes acute respiratory disease, infects lymphocytes and multiple organs, and produces immune suppression leading to secondary infections. In rare instances it can also cause persistent infections in the brain and central nervous system. Vaccine and laboratory-adapted strains of MV use CD46 as a receptor, whereas wild-type strains of MV (wtMV) cannot. Both vaccine and wtMV strains infect lymphocytes, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs) using the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (CD150/SLAM). In addition, MV can infect the airway epithelial cells of the host. Nectin 4 (PVRL4) was recently identified as the epithelial cell receptor for MV. Coupled with recent observations made in MV-infected macaques, this discovery has led to a new paradigm for how the virus accesses the respiratory tract and exits the host. Nectin 4 is also a tumor cell marker which is highly expressed on the apical surface of many adenocarcinoma cell lines, making it a potential target for MV oncolytic therapy.

摘要

麻疹病毒（MV）可引起急性呼吸道疾病，感染淋巴细胞和多个器官，并产生免疫抑制，导致继发感染。在极少数情况下，它还会在大脑和中枢神经系统中引起持续性感染。疫苗和实验室适应株的 MV 使用 CD46 作为受体，而野生型 MV（wtMV）则不能。疫苗和 wtMV 株都使用信号淋巴细胞激活分子（CD150/SLAM）感染淋巴细胞、单核细胞和树突状细胞（DC）。此外，MV 还可以感染宿主的气道上皮细胞。最近发现，纽蛋白 4（PVRL4）是 MV 的上皮细胞受体。结合最近在感染 MV 的猕猴中观察到的结果，这一发现为病毒如何进入呼吸道并离开宿主提供了一个新的范例。纽蛋白 4 也是一种肿瘤细胞标志物，在许多腺癌细胞系的顶表面高度表达，使其成为 MV 溶瘤治疗的潜在靶点。