Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Biosafety Laboratories, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Virulence. 2012 Jul 1;3(4):377-88. doi: 10.4161/viru.21087. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
The lifestyle of intracellular pathogens has always questioned the skill of a microbiologist in the context of finding the permanent cure to the diseases caused by them. The best tool utilized by these pathogens is their ability to reside inside the host cell, which enables them to easily bypass the humoral immunity of the host, such as the complement system. They further escape from the intracellular immunity, such as lysosome and inflammasome, mostly by forming a protective vacuole-bound niche derived from the host itself. Some of the most dreadful diseases are caused by these vacuolar pathogens, for example, tuberculosis by Mycobacterium or typhoid fever by Salmonella. To deal with such successful pathogens therapeutically, the knowledge of a host-pathogen interaction system becomes primarily essential, which further depends on the use of a model system. A well characterized pathogen, namely Salmonella, suits the role of a model for this purpose, which can infect a wide array of hosts causing a variety of diseases. This review focuses on various such aspects of research on Salmonella which are useful for studying the pathogenesis of other intracellular pathogens.
胞内病原体的生活方式一直对微生物学家在寻找治疗由它们引起的疾病的永久方法方面的技能提出了质疑。这些病原体利用的最佳工具是它们能够存在于宿主细胞内的能力，这使它们能够轻易地绕过宿主的体液免疫，如补体系统。它们还通过形成源自宿主自身的保护性囊泡结合龛来逃避细胞内免疫，如溶酶体和炎症小体。一些最可怕的疾病是由这些囊泡病原体引起的，例如结核分枝杆菌引起的结核病或伤寒沙门氏菌引起的伤寒。为了在治疗上应对这些成功的病原体，宿主-病原体相互作用系统的知识就变得至关重要，而这进一步取决于模型系统的使用。一种具有良好特征的病原体，即沙门氏菌，适合为此目的充当模型，它可以感染广泛的宿主，引起多种疾病。本综述重点介绍了沙门氏菌的各种研究方面，这些方面对于研究其他胞内病原体的发病机制很有用。
