Department of Psychology, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2013 May;39(3):890-7. doi: 10.1037/a0029181. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
We report 2 experiments using a sentence-picture matching task concerned with the interpretation of prepositional phrases that were ambiguous between high and low attachment (Branigan, Pickering, & McLean, 2005). After reading a prime sentence with a particular interpretation, participants tended to interpret an ambiguous prepositional phrase in a target sentence in the same way, whether the prime and target sentences used the same verb (Experiment 1) or used different verbs (Experiment 2). Both experiments also found that these effects were unaffected by whether prime and target sentences were adjacent or separated by 1 or 2 "fillers" consisting of sentences and pictures unrelated to the prime and target. We argue that both lexically independent and lexically specific structural priming effects occur in comprehension, and may persist, and suggest that a common mechanism may underlie structural priming effects and at least some lexically specific and lexically independent frequency effects in comprehension.
我们报告了两项使用句子-图片匹配任务的实验，这些实验涉及到对介词短语的解释，这些介词短语在高附着和低附着之间存在歧义（Branigan、Pickering 和 McLean，2005）。在阅读了一个具有特定解释的前提句子后，参与者往往会以相同的方式解释目标句子中的一个歧义介词短语，无论前提和目标句子使用的是相同的动词（实验 1）还是不同的动词（实验 2）。这两个实验还发现，无论前提和目标句子是否相邻，或者是否被 1 个或 2 个由与前提和目标无关的句子和图片组成的“填充物”隔开，这些效果都不受影响。我们认为，在理解中既存在词汇独立的结构启动效应，也存在词汇特定的结构启动效应，并且这些效应可能会持续存在，并且暗示一个共同的机制可能是理解中的结构启动效应和至少一些词汇特定的和词汇独立的频率效应的基础。
