累积风险与促进因素和城市青少年暴力行为之间的关系。
The relationship between cumulative risk and promotive factors and violent behavior among urban adolescents.
机构信息
Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, SPH 1 Room 3726, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
出版信息
Am J Community Psychol. 2013 Mar;51(1-2):57-65. doi: 10.1007/s10464-012-9541-7.
Resiliency theory posits that some youth exposed to risk factors do not develop negative behaviors due to the influence of promotive factors. This study examines the effects of cumulative risk and promotive factors on adolescent violent behavior and tests two models of resilience-the compensatory model and the protective model-in a sample of adolescent patients (14-18 years old; n = 726) presenting to an urban emergency department who report violent behavior. Cumulative measures of risk and promotive factors consist of individual characteristics and peer, family, and community influences. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test the two models of resilience (using cumulative measures of risk and promotive factors) for violent behavior within a sample of youth reporting violent behavior. Higher cumulative risk was associated with higher levels of violent behavior. Higher levels of promotive factors were associated with lower levels of violent behavior and moderated the association between risk and violent behaviors. Our results support the risk-protective model of resiliency and suggest that promotive factors can help reduce the burden of cumulative risk for youth violence.
弹性理论认为，一些接触到风险因素的年轻人由于促进因素的影响，不会发展出不良行为。本研究考察了累积风险和促进因素对青少年暴力行为的影响，并在一个城市急诊室就诊的青少年患者样本（14-18 岁；n=726）中检验了两种弹性模型——补偿模型和保护模型，这些患者报告有暴力行为。风险和促进因素的累积措施包括个体特征以及同伴、家庭和社区的影响。采用分层多元回归检验了在报告暴力行为的青年样本中，两种弹性模型（使用累积风险和促进因素测量）对暴力行为的影响。较高的累积风险与较高水平的暴力行为相关。较高水平的促进因素与较低水平的暴力行为相关，并调节了风险与暴力行为之间的关联。我们的结果支持弹性的风险保护模型，并表明促进因素可以帮助减轻青少年暴力行为中累积风险的负担。
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