Bonnal Christine, Desaint Corinne, Raynaud-Simon Agathe, Fossey-Diaz Virginie, Gougeon Marie Lise, Lucet Jean Christophe, Launay Odile
Hôpital Bretonneau, unité d'hygiène, 75018 Paris, France.
Presse Med. 2013 Mar;42(3):318-26. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2012.04.024. Epub 2012 Jun 28.
In developed countries, the population is getting older and the prevention of infectious diseases is therefore a major public health issue for elderly. Infectious diseases preventable by vaccination, including influenza, pneumococcal infection, pertussis, herpes zoster infections, and to a lesser extent, diphtheria and poliomyelitis, are direct or indirect causes of hospitalization. Few data are available on the proportion of vaccinated elderly, the impact of the under nutrition, or immunosenescence on the quality of the immune response to vaccination and the level of protection. The infectious diseases preventable by vaccination are considered in this article, and the epidemic risk related to infectious diseases in older adults living in community, the specific vaccine recommendations, the vaccines available in France, the vaccine coverage of elderly, factors interfering with vaccine response, and future prospects in this area.
在发达国家,人口老龄化,因此预防传染病是老年人的一个主要公共卫生问题。可通过接种疫苗预防的传染病,包括流感、肺炎球菌感染、百日咳、带状疱疹感染,以及在较小程度上的白喉和脊髓灰质炎,是住院的直接或间接原因。关于接种疫苗的老年人比例、营养不良或免疫衰老对接种疫苗免疫反应质量和保护水平的影响,现有数据很少。本文考虑了可通过接种疫苗预防的传染病,以及社区老年人中与传染病相关的流行风险、具体的疫苗建议、法国可用的疫苗、老年人的疫苗接种覆盖率、干扰疫苗反应的因素以及该领域的未来前景。