Loke Xin Yee, Tran Winnie, Alderman Christopher P
School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia.
Consult Pharm. 2012 Aug;27(8):553-63. doi: 10.4140/TCP.n.2012.553.
To assess vaccination status, potential influences upon vaccination status, and attitudes and beliefs about vaccination among hospital inpatients.
This prospective, cross-sectional audit assessed vaccination status for important communicable diseases, patient perceptions about the influenza vaccination, and possible influences on vaccination status. Information was collected during face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire.
This study was undertaken in a general teaching hospital in suburban Adelaide, South Australia.
The study participants comprised a convenience sample of 50 inpatients at the hospital from April 25, 2011, to May 18, 2011.
Interview and structured questionnaire at bedside.
Vaccination status for seasonal influenza, pneumococcal vaccine, diphtheriatetanus-pertussis/diphtheria-tetanus vaccination, herpes zoster virus, and hepatitis B were assessed for inpatients. Qualitative information regarding patient perceptions about the influenza vaccination was also surveyed. Possible influences on vaccination status including comorbidities or high-risk conditions, area of residence, age, and gender were also assessed.
The self-reported vaccination rates were: seasonal influenza vaccine 2010 (64%), seasonal influenza vaccine 2011 (52%), pneumococcal vaccine (46%), diphtheria-tetanuspertussis/ diphtheria-tetanus vaccination (70%), herpes zoster vaccination (34%), and hepatitis B vaccination (40%). Vaccination was significantly more common among those older than 64 years of age (P = 0.01), with 46% of patients older than 64 years vaccinated against influenza. There was no significant association between vaccination status and other characteristics such as gender, number of risk factors, recent hospital admission, and living in a residential facility. Regarding perceptions toward the influenza vaccine, the only factor associated with significantly increased likelihood of vaccination was self-reported risk perception (P = 0.03). The majority of patients described positive views about influenza vaccine efficacy and expressed willingness to receive the vaccine if recommended by their doctor.
In this audit, vaccination status appeared to be age-dependent, with higher vaccination coverage among older patients. Those who perceived that the influenza vaccine is associated with many side effects were less likely to be vaccinated. Pharmacists may have a role in encouraging older adults to be vaccinated.
评估住院患者的疫苗接种状况、影响疫苗接种状况的潜在因素以及对疫苗接种的态度和看法。
这项前瞻性横断面审计评估了重要传染病的疫苗接种状况、患者对流感疫苗的认知以及对疫苗接种状况的可能影响。通过面对面访谈，使用结构化问卷收集信息。
本研究在南澳大利亚阿德莱德郊区的一家综合教学医院进行。
研究参与者为2011年4月25日至2011年5月18日期间该医院50名住院患者的便利样本。
在床边进行访谈并使用结构化问卷。
评估住院患者的季节性流感、肺炎球菌疫苗、白喉 - 破伤风 - 百日咳/白喉 - 破伤风疫苗、带状疱疹病毒和乙肝疫苗的接种状况。还调查了患者对流感疫苗认知的定性信息。评估了对疫苗接种状况的可能影响因素，包括合并症或高危状况、居住地区、年龄和性别。
自我报告的疫苗接种率分别为：2010年季节性流感疫苗（64%）、2011年季节性流感疫苗（52%）、肺炎球菌疫苗（46%）、白喉 - 破伤风 - 百日咳/白喉 - 破伤风疫苗（70%）、带状疱疹疫苗（34%）和乙肝疫苗（40%）。64岁以上人群的疫苗接种更为普遍（P = 0.01），64岁以上患者中有46%接种了流感疫苗。疫苗接种状况与性别、危险因素数量、近期住院情况以及居住在养老院等其他特征之间无显著关联。关于对流感疫苗的认知，与疫苗接种可能性显著增加相关的唯一因素是自我报告的风险认知（P = 0.03）。大多数患者对流感疫苗的疗效持积极看法，并表示如果医生推荐愿意接种疫苗。
在本次审计中，疫苗接种状况似乎与年龄有关，老年患者的疫苗接种覆盖率更高。那些认为流感疫苗有许多副作用的人接种疫苗的可能性较小。药剂师在鼓励老年人接种疫苗方面可能发挥作用。
