University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2013 Feb 25;366(2):135-51. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.06.019. Epub 2012 Jun 28.
Skeletal muscle plays an important role in regulating whole-body energy expenditure given it is a major site for glucose and lipid oxidation. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are causally linked through their association with skeletal muscle insulin resistance, while conversely exercise is known to improve whole body glucose homeostasis simultaneously with muscle insulin sensitivity. Exercise activates skeletal muscle AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK plays a role in regulating exercise capacity, skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake. Skeletal muscle AMPK is also thought to be important for regulating fatty acid metabolism; however, direct genetic evidence in this area is currently lacking. This review will discuss the current paradigms regarding the influence of AMPK in regulating skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis at rest and during exercise, and highlight the potential implications in the development of insulin resistance.
骨骼肌在调节全身能量消耗方面发挥着重要作用，因为它是葡萄糖和脂质氧化的主要场所。肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病通过与骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗相关联而具有因果关系，而相反，运动已知可改善全身葡萄糖稳态，同时提高肌肉胰岛素敏感性。运动激活骨骼肌 AMP 激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK）。AMPK 在调节运动能力、骨骼肌线粒体含量和收缩刺激的葡萄糖摄取方面发挥作用。骨骼肌 AMPK 也被认为对调节脂肪酸代谢很重要；然而，该领域直接的遗传证据目前还缺乏。本综述将讨论 AMPK 在调节静息和运动时骨骼肌脂肪酸代谢和线粒体生物发生中的当前模式，并强调其在胰岛素抵抗发展中的潜在意义。
