Tal Young Ilanit, Iglewicz Alana, Glorioso Danielle, Lanouette Nicole, Seay Kathryn, Ilapakurti Manjusha, Zisook Sidney
Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2012 Jun;14(2):177-86. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2012.14.2/iyoung.
Losing a loved to suicide is one is one of life's most painful experiences. The feelings of loss, sadness, and loneliness experienced after any death of a loved one are often magnified in suicide survivors by feelings of quilt, confusion, rejection, shame, anger, and the effects of stigma and trauma. Furthermore, survivors of suicide loss are at higher risk of developing major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicidal behaviors, as well as a prolonged form of grief called complicated grief. Added to the burden is the substantial stigma, which can keep survivors away from much needed support and healing resources. Thus, survivors may require unique supportive measures and targeted treatment to cope with their loss. After a brief description of the epidemiology and circumstances of suicide, we review the current state of research on suicide bereavement, complicated grief in suicide survivors, and grief treatment for survivors of suicide.
因自杀失去所爱的人是人生中最痛苦的经历之一。在任何亲人离世后所经历的失落、悲伤和孤独感,在自杀事件幸存者身上往往会因内疚、困惑、被拒感、羞耻、愤怒以及耻辱感和创伤的影响而被放大。此外,自杀身亡者的幸存者患重度抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍和自杀行为的风险更高,还会经历一种被称为复杂性悲伤的长期悲伤形式。雪上加霜的是,存在严重的耻辱感,这可能会使幸存者远离急需的支持和治愈资源。因此,幸存者可能需要独特的支持措施和有针对性的治疗来应对他们的损失。在简要描述了自杀的流行病学和情况后,我们回顾了关于自杀丧亲之痛、自杀幸存者的复杂性悲伤以及自杀幸存者悲伤治疗的研究现状。