Schichor A, Beck A, Bernstein B, Crabtree B
St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Adolescent Medicine, Hartford, Connecticut 06105.
Adolescence. 1990 Winter;25(100):773-9.
This study explored the association of adolescent seat belt use with psychosocial risk factors in an urban minority population after the enactment of a mandatory seat belt law. Data on seat belt use, family support, feelings of being down, suicidal ideation, substance abuse, sexual activity, school troubles, and problems with the law were obtained from 541 self-report intake forms administered to an adolescent medicine clinic population from 1986 to 1987. Respondents were almost exclusively black and Hispanic; 315 (59%) were females and 222 (41%) males, with a mean age of 15.4. Seat belt use was reported by 249 (46%) and no or intermittent use by 292 (54%). Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank sums tests were used to examine associations between seat belt use and risk factors. Results showed that the group comprised of those reporting no and intermittent seat belt use was significantly more likely to feel down, have decreased home support, have problems with school and the law, have been on probation, and feel that life in general was not going very well. No association was found between seat belt use and cigarette, drug, or alcohol use or sexual activity without contraceptives. Taking into account the lack of observed behavioral information to validate such self-report questionnaires, these data nevertheless point to the nonuse or intermittent use of seat belts as a possible manifestation of a lack of self-care due to feeling down and/or preoccupation with family, school, or societal problems.
本研究探讨了在一项强制性安全带法律颁布后，城市少数族裔青少年安全带使用情况与心理社会风险因素之间的关联。1986年至1987年期间，从一家青少年医学诊所的541份自我报告 intake 表格中获取了有关安全带使用、家庭支持、情绪低落、自杀意念、药物滥用、性活动、学校问题和法律问题的数据。受访者几乎全是黑人和西班牙裔；315名（59%）为女性，222名（41%）为男性，平均年龄为15.4岁。报告使用安全带的有249人（46%），未使用或偶尔使用的有292人（54%）。采用卡方检验和威尔科克森秩和检验来研究安全带使用与风险因素之间的关联。结果显示，报告未使用或偶尔使用安全带的人群明显更有可能情绪低落、家庭支持减少、存在学校和法律问题、处于缓刑期，并且感觉总体生活不太顺利。未发现安全带使用与吸烟、吸毒、酗酒或无避孕措施的性活动之间存在关联。考虑到缺乏观察到的行为信息来验证此类自我报告问卷，但这些数据仍表明不使用或偶尔使用安全带可能是由于情绪低落和/或专注于家庭、学校或社会问题而缺乏自我照顾的一种表现。
