Price J A, Desmond S M, Price J H, Mossing A
Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Ohio.
Adolescence. 1990 Winter;25(100):945-57.
The purpose of this study was to examine school counselors' knowledge of adolescent eating disorders, specifically anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Participants were drawn from the national membership of the American Association of School Counselors; they were requested to complete a 43-item questionnaire on eating disorders. Of the 500 participants randomly selected, 337 (67%) returned usable questionnaires. There were 220 female and 117 male counselors; the mean age was 45.2 years. The majority held a master's degree and counseled high school students; the mean number of years they had been school counselors was 12.2. When asked how competent they were in helping students with eating disorders, 11% rated themselves as very competent, 49% believed they were moderately competent, and 40% believed they were not very competent. The majority (75%) did not believe it was their role to treat students with eating disorders; they were instead referred to an eating disorders program (40%), their parents (34%), or a psychiatrist or other physician (34%). The majority of counselors (72%) had encountered anorexic or bulimic students; the most common method of discovering students with a problem was by being informed by fellow students (35%). The majority of respondents were very knowledgeable regarding the signs and symptoms of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Examination of their general knowledge of eating disorders revealed that they knew more about anorexia than bulimia. The two sources of eating disorders information utilized by at least half of the respondents were professional journals (70%) and workshops/professional conferences (56%).
本研究的目的是考察学校辅导员对青少年饮食失调，特别是神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的了解程度。参与者来自美国学校辅导员协会的全国会员；他们被要求完成一份关于饮食失调的43项问卷。在随机抽取的500名参与者中，337人（67%）返回了可用问卷。有220名女辅导员和117名男辅导员；平均年龄为45.2岁。大多数人拥有硕士学位，为高中生提供咨询服务；他们担任学校辅导员的平均年限为12.2年。当被问及在帮助有饮食失调问题的学生方面有多胜任时，11%的人认为自己非常胜任，49%的人认为自己中等胜任，40%的人认为自己不太胜任。大多数人（75%）认为治疗有饮食失调问题的学生不是他们的职责；相反，这些学生被转介到饮食失调项目（40%）、他们的父母那里（34%）或精神科医生或其他医生那里（34%）。大多数辅导员（72%）遇到过患有神经性厌食症或神经性贪食症的学生；发现有问题学生的最常见方法是从其他学生那里得知（35%）。大多数受访者对神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的体征和症状非常了解。对他们饮食失调一般知识的考察表明，他们对厌食症的了解比对贪食症的了解更多。至少一半受访者使用的饮食失调信息来源是专业期刊（70%）和研讨会/专业会议（56%）。
