Liu C
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 1990 Dec;11(6):360-3.
This paper reports on the studies of the role of Anopheles anthropophagus and Anopheles sinensis in malaria transmission in a sense to elucidate which one of the two species the predominance in this respect. Systematic investigations including artificial infection of mosquitoes, quantitative entomological studies and parasitological research were conducted in 1982-1987 in 5 pilot areas in Anhui (1), Guangxi (2), Sichuan (1) and Guangdong (1). The results revealed that the susceptibility of An. anthropophagus to Plasmodium falciparum was significantly higher than that of An. sifefsis. The oocyst rate and sporozoite rate of the former were 27.9% and 10.9%, while those of the latter being 11.3% and 3.0%. Significant difference in natural infection rate of the two species was also observed. The mean sporozoite rate of An. anthropophagus was 0.58% (105/17984), and that of An. sinensis was 0.02% (4/17718). Taking several essential parameters (man-biting rate, human blood index, vectorial capacity and entomological inoculation rate) into consideration, the role of An. anthropophagus in malaria transmission was 20 times more vigorous than that of An. sinensis. The malaria incidence and parasite rate of the inhabitants in site were closely related to the proportion of An. anthropophagus in human dwellings. According to the survey pursued in 1983; An. anthropophagus was the major vector playing an important role in the outbreak of vivax malaria in Shenzhen. The preceding results disclosed the important role of Anopheles anthropophagus in the transmission of falciparum and vivax malaria. The findings are of significance in the stratification of malaria endemic areas of the country and the analysis of current situation and programming malaria control measures as well.
本文报道了关于嗜人按蚊和中华按蚊在疟疾传播中作用的研究，旨在阐明这两个蚊种在这方面哪一个占优势。1982 - 1987年期间，在安徽（1个）、广西（2个）、四川（1个）和广东（1个）的5个试点地区进行了系统调查，包括蚊虫人工感染、定量昆虫学研究和寄生虫学研究。结果显示，嗜人按蚊对恶性疟原虫的易感性显著高于中华按蚊。前者的卵囊率和子孢子率分别为27.9%和10.9%，而后者分别为11.3%和3.0%。还观察到这两个蚊种自然感染率的显著差异。嗜人按蚊的平均子孢子率为0.58%（105/17984），中华按蚊的平均子孢子率为0.02%（4/17718）。综合考虑几个关键参数（叮人率、人血指数、传播能量和昆虫接种率），嗜人按蚊在疟疾传播中的作用比中华按蚊强20倍。当地居民的疟疾发病率和寄生虫率与嗜人按蚊在人类住所中的比例密切相关。根据1983年的调查，嗜人按蚊是深圳间日疟暴发中起重要作用的主要传播媒介。上述结果揭示了嗜人按蚊在恶性疟和间日疟传播中的重要作用。这些发现对于我国疟疾流行区的分层以及分析疟疾现状和制定疟疾控制措施也具有重要意义。
