中国的病媒控制：从疟疾流行到消除以及未来的挑战。
Vector control in China, from malaria endemic to elimination and challenges ahead.
机构信息
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, China.
出版信息
Infect Dis Poverty. 2022 May 13;11(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s40249-022-00971-3.
BACKGROUND
Vector control is an important approach to preventing and controlling malaria. From the malaria epidemic to malaria elimination in China, vector control has played an essential and irreplaceable role in the historical process. This review systematically summarizes the evolution, adjustment, and optimization of vector control strategy towards elimination and discusses the challenges ahead.
MAIN TEXT
This review first summarizes the evolution of vector control strategies during different stages of malaria epidemic, control, elimination, and post-elimination in China. We then distill the vector control experience and lessons in different stages. We discuss the current and future challenges and propose future research directions and developments for novel malaria vector control strategies.
RESULTS
Vector control has played an invaluable role in achieving malaria elimination. China adopted different prevention and control measures in response to the different malaria-endemic situations and vector distributions. Firstly, baseline surveys were initiated to establish the entomological data and helped clarify the prevention priorities and targets. Secondly, targeted and adjusted vector control strategies were conducted in various regions according to the local epidemic characteristics and different vector species. Thirdly, scientific research facilitated efficient vector-control strategies. In addition, the overall economic and social development have promoted environmental improvement, personal protection, and health care. Prediction of the vector distribution was integrated into risk assessment strategies, allowing for sustaining achievements in risk areas.
CONCLUSIONS
The tailored and adapted vector control strategies have played a critical role in China's malaria prevention, control, and elimination. Achievements and lessons learned on vector control from this progress would provide a practical reference in coping with the challenges and potential barriers other countries face in the global effort to eliminate malaria.
背景
病媒控制是预防和控制疟疾的重要方法。从中国疟疾流行到消除疟疾，病媒控制在历史进程中发挥了重要的、不可替代的作用。本综述系统总结了消除疟疾过程中病媒控制策略的演变、调整和优化，并探讨了未来面临的挑战。
主要内容
本综述首先总结了中国疟疾流行、控制、消除和消除后不同阶段病媒控制策略的演变。然后，我们总结了不同阶段的病媒控制经验和教训。我们讨论了当前和未来的挑战，并提出了未来研究方向和新型疟疾病媒控制策略的发展。
结果
病媒控制在实现消除疟疾方面发挥了不可估量的作用。中国针对不同的疟疾流行情况和病媒分布，采取了不同的预防和控制措施。首先，进行基线调查以建立昆虫学数据，并帮助明确预防重点和目标。其次，根据当地流行特点和不同病媒种类，在不同地区实施有针对性和调整后的病媒控制策略。第三，科学研究促进了高效的病媒控制策略。此外，整体经济和社会发展促进了环境改善、个人保护和卫生保健。将病媒分布预测纳入风险评估策略中，有助于维持风险地区的成果。
结论
量身定制和适应的病媒控制策略在中国疟疾的预防、控制和消除中发挥了关键作用。从这一进展中获得的病媒控制成就和经验教训将为其他国家在全球消除疟疾努力中应对挑战和潜在障碍提供实际参考。
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