School of Social Work and Research Center for Group Dynamics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2012 Jun;36(6):510-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.04.005. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
This study examined mothers' and fathers' reporting congruency using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales. We asked if the mother's report of the father's parenting aggression was consistent with the father's self-report of parenting aggression and if the father's report of the mother's parenting aggression was consistent with the mother's self- report of those same behaviors. We assessed moderators of parental reporting congruency: severity of the aggression, interparental conflict, child temperament, and child gender.
Participants were from the Child Development Project, a longitudinal study beginning when children were in kindergarten. The analyses herein included 163 children for whom 2 parents provided data about their own and their spouse or partner's behavior toward the child. Most parents (87%) were married. Mothers and fathers independently completed the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale, both with respect to their own behavior toward the child and with respect to their partner's behavior toward the child. Mothers completed the retrospective Infant Characteristics Questionnaire to assess child temperament. Mothers and fathers completed measures of interparental conflict.
Both fathers and mothers self-reported more frequently engaging in each behavior than the other parent reported they did. Parents were more congruent on items assessing harsher parenting behavior. Furthermore, there was more agreement between parents regarding fathers' behavior than mothers' behavior. Analyses of interparental conflict, child difficult temperament, and child gender as moderators yielded findings suggesting that mothers' and fathers' reports of their own and their spouses' harsh parenting behaviors were more concordant in couples with low levels of conflict, for children with easy temperaments, and for boys versus girls.
Prior studies indicate only a moderate level of agreement in couples' reports of violence between intimate partners and suggest that perpetrators tend to underreport their use of aggression. The results of this study suggest that parents may be more consistent in their reports of parent to child violence using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales than they are when reporting intimate partner violence. The results suggest that parental reports of their spouse's parent to child aggression are reliable.
本研究使用父母-子女冲突策略量表（Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales）检验了父母报告的一致性。我们询问了母亲对父亲养育攻击性的报告是否与父亲对自己养育攻击性的自我报告一致，以及父亲对母亲养育攻击性的报告是否与母亲对自己同样行为的自我报告一致。我们评估了父母报告一致性的调节因素：攻击的严重程度、父母间的冲突、儿童气质和儿童性别。
参与者来自儿童发展项目（Child Development Project），这是一项从幼儿园开始的纵向研究。本分析包括 163 名儿童，他们的父母双方都提供了关于自己和配偶或伴侣对孩子行为的信息。大多数父母（87%）已婚。母亲和父亲分别独立完成了父母-子女冲突策略量表（Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale），内容涉及他们自己对孩子的行为以及对伴侣对孩子的行为。母亲完成了回顾性婴儿特征问卷（retrospective Infant Characteristics Questionnaire）以评估儿童气质。母亲和父亲完成了父母间冲突的测量。
父亲和母亲自我报告的行为比对方报告的更频繁。父母在评估更严厉的养育行为的项目上更为一致。此外，父母对父亲的行为比母亲的行为更一致。对父母间冲突、儿童困难气质和儿童性别作为调节因素的分析得出的结论表明，在冲突水平较低、儿童气质较易、男孩与女孩之间的夫妻中，母亲和父亲对自己和配偶严厉养育行为的报告更为一致。
先前的研究表明，在夫妻之间关于亲密伴侣暴力的报告中，只有中等程度的一致性，并表明施害者往往会低估自己使用攻击性的程度。本研究的结果表明，父母使用父母-子女冲突策略量表报告父母对子女的暴力行为可能比报告亲密伴侣暴力行为更一致。结果表明，父母对配偶对子女攻击性的报告是可靠的。
