Shourie Varsha, Dwarakanath Chini Doraswamy, Prashanth Gujjar Vittalrao, Alampalli Ramesh Vishwanathmurthy, Padmanabhan Shyam, Bali Shweta
Department of Periodontology and Implantology, MA Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune-411001, Mharashtra, India.
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2012;10(2):185-92.
Fluctuations in female sex hormones result in changes in the gingival and periodontal tissues. The purpose of this study was to compare the periodontal status of premenopausal women at different time points during their menstrual cycle and to find the associated subgingival microbiota.
One hundred premenopausal women participated in the study and were divided into two groups: group I consisted of 50 subjects with clinically healthy gingival, and group II consisted of 50 subjects with chronic gingivitis. Group II was further divided into group IIa and group IIb. Group IIa consisted of 25 subjects who did not receive any periodontal therapy during the study period. All the examinations were performed at three points during the menstrual cycle: ovulation (OV), pre-menstruation (PM) and menstruation (M). Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI), probing depth (PD), subgingival temperature (ST) recording, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collection, and estimation and microbiological examination using the benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamide (BANA) test was carried out. For group IIb subjects, all the examinations were performed again during the next menstrual cycle, which followed 4 weeks after periodontal therapy.
Women with clinically healthy gingiva exhibited negligible changes throughout the menstrual cycle, whereas women with gingivitis showed aggravated inflammation during ovulation and pre-menstruation as compared to menstruation. However, there was no alteration in subgingival microbiota. After treating gingivitis, the next menstrual cycle following 4 weeks after periodontal therapy was monitored, and no periodontal changes were detected.
Ovarian hormones have a negligible effect on clinically healthy periodontium. However, these hormones may exaggerate pre-existing inflammation in gingival tissues, but the clinical significance of these changes remains uncertain.
女性性激素的波动会导致牙龈和牙周组织发生变化。本研究的目的是比较绝经前女性在月经周期不同时间点的牙周状况，并找出相关的龈下微生物群。
100名绝经前女性参与了本研究，分为两组：第一组由50名临床牙龈健康的受试者组成，第二组由50名患有慢性牙龈炎的受试者组成。第二组进一步分为IIa组和IIb组。IIa组由25名在研究期间未接受任何牙周治疗的受试者组成。所有检查均在月经周期的三个时间点进行：排卵期（OV）、经前期（PM）和月经期（M）。进行菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI）、龈乳头出血指数（PBI）、探诊深度（PD）、龈下温度（ST）记录、龈沟液（GCF）采集，以及使用苯甲酰-DL-精氨酸萘酰胺（BANA）试验进行评估和微生物学检查。对于IIb组受试者，在牙周治疗后4周的下一个月经周期再次进行所有检查。
临床牙龈健康的女性在整个月经周期中变化可忽略不计，而患有牙龈炎的女性与月经期相比，在排卵期和经前期炎症加重。然而，龈下微生物群没有改变。治疗牙龈炎后，监测牙周治疗后4周的下一个月经周期，未发现牙周变化。
卵巢激素对临床健康的牙周组织影响可忽略不计。然而，这些激素可能会使牙龈组织中已有的炎症加重，但这些变化的临床意义仍不确定。
