Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Future Oncol. 2012 Jun;8(6):703-11. doi: 10.2217/fon.12.57.
Breast cancer mortality is usually due to distant recurrence of cancer at an advanced stage of the disease rather than from primary cancer. Therefore, prediction of breast cancer recurrence at the time of diagnosis could lead to advances in personalized treatment of cancer patients in order to prevent risk of recurrence. Two prognostic biomarkers that are currently being used in clinical practice are a 70-gene MammaPrint signature and a 21-gene Oncotype DX panel. These assays generate relative risks of recurrence, but they do not provide a 'yes' or 'no' answer about recurrence in a given patient. These tests include genes that are involved in the cell cycle, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis related to breast cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that a signature of genes involved in tumor-immune interactions may provide a more accurate prognostic tool. This paper reviews recent advances in the discovery of prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients.
乳腺癌的死亡率通常是由于疾病晚期的远处癌症复发，而不是原发性癌症。因此，在诊断时预测乳腺癌的复发可能会导致癌症患者的个性化治疗的进展，以预防复发的风险。目前在临床实践中使用的两种预后生物标志物是 70 基因 MammaPrint 签名和 21 基因 Oncotype DX 试剂盒。这些检测方法产生复发的相对风险，但它们不能为给定患者的复发提供“是”或“否”的答案。这些检测包括与乳腺癌相关的细胞周期、侵袭、转移和血管生成中涉及的基因。新出现的证据表明，参与肿瘤免疫相互作用的基因特征可能提供更准确的预后工具。本文综述了乳腺癌患者预后生物标志物发现的最新进展。
