Jones K, Betaieb M, Telford D R
Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Lancaster University, UK.
J Appl Bacteriol. 1990 Nov;69(5):758-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01573.x.
The incidence of campylobacter enteritis in Lancaster City Health Authority is three times the UK average for similar sizes of population and has marked seasonal peaks in May and June. Environmental monitoring of surface waters around Lancaster showed that thermophilic campylobacters were absent from drinking water from the fells and from the clean upper reaches of the River Conder but were present in the main rivers entering Morecambe Bay, the lower reaches of the River Conder, the Lancaster canal, and seawater from the Lune estuary and Morecambe Bay. All the surface waters tested showed the same seasonality, namely, higher numbers in the winter months and low numbers or none in May, June and July. The absence of thermophilic campylobacters in the summer months may be due to high sunshine levels because experiments on the effects of light showed that campylobacters in sewage effluent and seawater were eliminated within 60 and 30 min of daylight respectively but survived for 24 h in darkness. As the concentrations of campylobacters in surface waters were at their lowest precisely at the time of peak infections in the community it is unlikely that surface waters form Lancaster's reservoir of campylobacter infection for the community.
兰卡斯特市卫生局辖区内弯曲杆菌肠炎的发病率是英国同等人口规模地区平均水平的三倍，且在五月和六月有明显的季节性高峰。对兰卡斯特周边地表水的环境监测显示，山区的饮用水以及康德尔河清洁的上游河段中没有嗜热弯曲杆菌，但在流入莫克姆湾的主要河流、康德尔河下游、兰卡斯特运河以及卢恩河口和莫克姆湾的海水中存在嗜热弯曲杆菌。所有检测的地表水都呈现相同的季节性，即冬季数量较多，而在五月、六月和七月数量较少或没有。夏季嗜热弯曲杆菌的缺失可能是由于阳光强烈，因为光照影响实验表明，污水和海水中的弯曲杆菌分别在日光照射60分钟和30分钟内被消灭，但在黑暗中可存活24小时。由于社区感染高峰时地表水弯曲杆菌浓度恰好处于最低水平，所以地表水不太可能是兰卡斯特社区弯曲杆菌感染的储存源。
