Women's Rights Division, Human Rights Watch.
Health Hum Rights. 2011 Jul 14;13(1):E15-35.
This article provides results from an online survey of humanitarian workers and volunteers that was conducted in May and June 2010. The purpose of the survey was to understand how the humanitarian aid system adopts or incorporates human rights into its post-natural disaster work and metrics. Data collected from Haiti suggest that humanitarians have embraced a rights-based approach but that they do not agree about how this is defined or about what standards and indicators can be considered rights-based. This disagreement may reveal that humanitarians are aware of a mismatch between the rights-based approach to post-disaster humanitarian work and the legal framework of human rights. Using participation and accountability as examples, this article identifies and examines this mismatch and suggests that the humanitarian aid system should more fully embrace engagement with the human rights framework. To do so, the article concludes, humanitarian actors and the human rights community should have an open dialogue about the development of metrics that accurately reflect and monitor adherence to the legal framework of human rights. This would allow the humanitarian aid system to ensure its interventions enhance the capacity of the disaster-affected state to fulfill its human rights obligations, and would allow humanitarian and human rights actors alike to measure the impact of such interventions on the realization of human rights in post-natural disaster settings.
本文提供了 2010 年 5 月至 6 月间针对人道主义工作者和志愿者进行的在线调查结果。该调查旨在了解人道主义援助系统如何将人权纳入其灾后工作和评估标准。从海地收集的数据表明，人道主义者已经接受了基于权利的方法，但他们对如何定义这一方法以及哪些标准和指标可以被视为基于权利的方法存在分歧。这种分歧可能表明，人道主义者意识到基于权利的灾后人道主义工作方法与人权法律框架之间存在不匹配。本文以参与和问责为例，确定并探讨了这种不匹配，并提出人道主义援助系统应更充分地接受与人权框架的接触。为此，本文得出结论，人道主义行为体和人权界应该就如何制定准确反映和监测对人权法律框架的遵守情况的评估标准进行公开对话。这将使人道主义援助系统能够确保其干预措施增强受灾国履行人权义务的能力，并使人道主义和人权行为体能够衡量此类干预措施对实现灾后自然环境下人权的影响。
