评估巴黎游客的紫外线暴露情况。

Evaluation of tourists' UV exposure in Paris.

机构信息

Research Unit EA 4339 'Skin, cancer, and environment', Ambroise Paré University Hospital, University of Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, France Department of Dermatology, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, University of Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt, France Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Service d'Aéronomie (LATMOS), CNRS, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, Itajubá, Brazil Site Instrumental de Recherche par Télédétection Atmosphérique (SIRTA), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Polytechnique, University of Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Palaiseau, France Department of Public Health, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, University of Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.

出版信息

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Mar;27(3):e294-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04637.x. Epub 2012 Jul 9.

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04637.x

PMID:22775064

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is one of the most important risk factor for skin cancers. If UV hazard has been evaluated in tropical countries or in some population - children, outdoor activities - little information is available about UV hazard in high latitude towns like Paris, considered as the most 'charismatic city' in the world.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate UV exposure in Paris in spring, in sun and shade, in real life conditions.

METHODS

We evaluated erythemal UV exposure, during four sunny days in May-June in eight Paris touristic sites during peak hours (2 days), and during two walks in touristic downtown of Paris. Measures were performed in sun and shade. UV radiation exposure was evaluated with UV index performed with a 'Solarmeter ultraviolet index (UVI)' and UV dose with 'standard erythema dose' (SED) and 'minimal erythema dose' (MED) calculations.

RESULTS

Despite 'average' UVI in sunny conditions, a 4-h sun exposure reaches 13-20 SED and 3-10 MED according to phototype. Clouds were inefficient to protect against UV. Shade of places reduces moderately UVI (50-60%) in forecourts. Exposure during 1-h walk reach at least one MED in real life conditions for skin phototypes I-IV.

CONCLUSIONS

UV risk for tourist is quite high in spring in Paris. UVI remains high despite high cloud fraction. Shade reduces UVI, but UV protection factor is only 2-3 in large places such as Place Notre Dame and Place Charles de Gaulle. So sun protection campaigns should be proposed, and sun protective strategies could be integrated in urban planning.

摘要

背景

紫外线（UV）暴露是皮肤癌的最重要危险因素之一。如果在热带国家或某些人群（如儿童）中评估了 UV 危害，则有关像巴黎这样高纬度城镇的 UV 危害的信息很少，巴黎被认为是世界上“最具魅力的城市”。

目的

在现实生活条件下，评估巴黎春季阳光和阴影中的 UV 暴露情况。

方法

我们在 5 月至 6 月的四个晴天，在巴黎八个旅游景点的高峰时段（两天）和巴黎市区的两次散步中，评估了红斑 UV 暴露情况。在阳光和阴影下进行了测量。使用“Solarmeter 紫外线指数（UVI）”评估紫外线辐射暴露，并用“标准红斑剂量”（SED）和“最小红斑剂量”（MED）计算评估紫外线剂量。

结果

尽管晴天的“平均”紫外线指数（UVI）较高，但 4 小时的阳光暴露量根据肤色类型达到 13-20 SED 和 3-10 MED。云层对 UV 保护效率较低。场所的阴凉处可适度降低 UVI（50-60%），在前庭。在现实生活条件下，1 小时步行的暴露量足以使 I-IV 型皮肤类型达到至少一个 MED。