Population Council Nigeria, 3rd Floor, Bassan Plaza, Plot 759 Cadastral Zone AO, Central Business District, Abuja, Nigeria.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Jan 1;127(1-3):65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.013. Epub 2012 Jul 8.
Injecting drug use is now recognized as a significant risk factor for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated prevalence and correlates of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Nigeria.
A cross sectional design using respondent driven sampling was conducted in six states in 2010. Weighted HIV prevalence and injecting risk behaviors calculated using RDS analytic tool. Logistic regression was used to determine correlates of HIV infection, stratified by state.
Total numbers of IDUs ranged from 197 in Lagos to 273 in Cross River and Oyo states. HIV prevalence was highest in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) at 9.3%, Kaduna 5.8%, Oyo 5.1%, Kano 4.9%, CR 3.3% and Lagos 3.0%. Although >90% of participants were male, females had higher HIV prevalence in all states surveyed except FCT (range: 7.4% in CR to 37.7% in Kano). Logistic regression showed that females were significantly more likely to be HIV positive in Kano [OR=33.2, 95% CI: 6.8-160.4], Oyo [AOR=15.9, 95% CI: 3.69-68.51], Lagos [OR=15.5, 95% CI: 2.41-99.5] and Kaduna states [AOR=19.6, 95% CI: 4.4-87.6]. For injecting risk behavior, only receptive sharing was associated with HIV [AOR=7.6, 95% CI: 1.2-48.7] and [AOR=0.2, 95% CI: 0.04-0.92] in Oyo and Kaduna states respectively.
Considerable heterogeneity in the prevalence of HIV and associated risk behaviors exist among IDUs across Nigeria. Females had higher HIV prevalence among IDUs in five of six states, suggesting a need for targeted interventions for this hidden subgroup. Further research is needed to understand HIV transmission dynamics of IDUs in Nigeria. Community-based opioid substitution therapy and needle exchange programs should be implemented without delay.
注射吸毒现在被认为是撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒的一个重要危险因素。我们评估了尼日利亚注射吸毒者（IDU）中的艾滋病毒流行率和相关因素。
采用基于应答者驱动抽样的横断面设计，于 2010 年在六个州进行。使用 RDS 分析工具计算加权 HIV 流行率和注射风险行为。按州分层，采用 logistic 回归确定 HIV 感染的相关因素。
Lagos 的 IDU 人数为 197 人，Cross River 和 Oyo 州的 IDU 人数为 273 人。联邦首都直辖区（FCT）的 HIV 流行率最高，为 9.3%，卡杜纳为 5.8%，Oyo 为 5.1%，卡诺为 4.9%，CR 为 3.3%，拉各斯为 3.0%。尽管参与者中 90%以上为男性，但除 FCT 外，所有调查州的女性 HIV 流行率均较高（范围：CR 为 7.4%，卡诺为 37.7%）。Logistic 回归显示，女性在卡诺州[OR=33.2，95%CI：6.8-160.4]、Oyo 州[AOR=15.9，95%CI：3.69-68.51]、拉各斯州[OR=15.5，95%CI：2.41-99.5]和卡杜纳州[AOR=19.6，95%CI：4.4-87.6]中 HIV 阳性的可能性明显更高。在注射风险行为方面，仅接受性共用与 Oyo 和卡杜纳州的 HIV 相关[AOR=7.6，95%CI：1.2-48.7]和[AOR=0.2，95%CI：0.04-0.92]。
尼日利亚各地 IDU 中 HIV 流行率和相关风险行为存在相当大的异质性。在六个州中的五个州，女性 IDU 的 HIV 流行率更高，这表明需要针对这一隐藏群体进行有针对性的干预。需要进一步研究以了解尼日利亚 IDU 中的 HIV 传播动态。应立即实施基于社区的阿片类物质替代疗法和针具交换方案。
