Okonkwo Uchenna, Ameh Soter, Otu Akaninyene, Okpara Henry
Gastroenterology/Hepatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2017 Jul 4;27:170. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2017.27.170.12082. eCollection 2017.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a global health problem disproportionately distributed across Nigeria. Cross river state (CRS), a tourist state, located in the Niger delta, has one of the highest prevalence rates. There is evidence that poor knowledge and stigmatization are obstacles to achieving universal access to HIV prevention programs. The objective of this study was to determine the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of HIV among adults resident in CRS, Nigeria.
A cross sectional descriptive survey design was employed. A total of 1,620 healthy adults were recruited. KAP towards HIV was assessed using a structured pre-tested questionnaire. Categorical variables were described as frequencies and continuous variables as median and interquartile range. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine relationship between variables and median KAP scores. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. All analyses were performed using Stata 12 statistical package.
A total of 1,465 respondents completed the questionnaire correctly giving a response rate of 91%. The M: F ratio was 1:1.8. The median age was 38 years. Majority was married and had formal education. Knowledge of HIV and common routes of transmission was high (>80%). However, misconception that HIV can be transmitted through hugging, hand shake, mosquito bites and witch craft was also common (> 60%). The overall attitude and practice towards persons living with HIV infection was poor.
This study showed misconceptions in the knowledge and consequences of HIV infection which is associated with negative attitude towards persons living with HIV.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）仍然是一个全球性的健康问题，在尼日利亚分布不均。克罗斯河州（CRS）是位于尼日尔三角洲的一个旅游州，其HIV感染率是最高的之一。有证据表明，知识匮乏和污名化是实现普遍获得HIV预防项目的障碍。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚克罗斯河州成年居民对HIV的知识、态度和行为（KAP）。
采用横断面描述性调查设计。共招募了1620名健康成年人。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷评估对HIV的KAP。分类变量以频率描述，连续变量以中位数和四分位数间距描述。使用Kruskal-Wallis检验确定变量与KAP中位数得分之间的关系。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。所有分析均使用Stata 12统计软件包进行。
共有1465名受访者正确完成了问卷，回复率为91%。男女比例为1:1.8。中位年龄为38岁。大多数人已婚且接受过正规教育。对HIV及其常见传播途径的知晓率较高（>80%）。然而，认为HIV可通过拥抱、握手、蚊虫叮咬和巫术传播的误解也很常见（>60%）。对HIV感染者的总体态度和行为较差。
本研究表明，对HIV感染的知识和后果存在误解，这与对HIV感染者的消极态度有关。
