非洲的阿片类药物流行及其影响。
The Opioid Epidemic in Africa And Its Impact.
作者信息
Kurth Ann E, Cherutich Peter, Conover Rosabelle, Chhun Nok, Bruce R Douglas, Lambdin Barrot H
机构信息
Yale University School of Nursing, Orange, CT, USA.
Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
出版信息
Curr Addict Rep. 2018 Dec;5(4):428-453. doi: 10.1007/s40429-018-0232-9. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a global phenomenon and is on the rise in Africa, denoting a shift from historical patterns of drug transport to internal consumption. In contrast, opioids for clinical pain management in Africa remain among the least available globally. This region also has the highest HIV and HCV disease burden, and the greatest shortages of health workers and addiction treatment. We undertook a systematic review of the literature to describe opioid use in Africa and how it is being addressed.
RECENT FINDINGS
A total of 84 articles from 2000 to 2018 were identified. Descriptions of country-specific populations and patterns of opioid misuse were common. A smaller number of articles described interventions to address OUD.
SUMMARY
OUD occurs in sub-Saharan Africa, with attendant clinical and social costs. Evidence-based policies and health system resources are needed to promote OUD prevention and management, and infectious disease transmission reduction.
综述目的
阿片类物质使用障碍（OUD）是一种全球现象，在非洲呈上升趋势，这表明从历史上的毒品运输模式向国内消费发生了转变。相比之下，非洲用于临床疼痛管理的阿片类药物在全球范围内仍然是供应最不足的。该地区也是艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎疾病负担最高的地区，并且卫生工作者和成瘾治疗资源最为短缺。我们对文献进行了系统综述，以描述非洲的阿片类物质使用情况及其应对方式。
最新发现
共识别出2000年至2018年的84篇文章。对特定国家人群和阿片类物质滥用模式的描述较为常见。较少数量的文章描述了应对阿片类物质使用障碍的干预措施。
总结
阿片类物质使用障碍在撒哈拉以南非洲地区存在，伴有相应的临床和社会成本。需要基于证据的政策和卫生系统资源来促进阿片类物质使用障碍的预防和管理，以及传染病的防治。
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