Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Environ Manage. 2012 Nov 15;110:116-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.024. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
A monitoring network that resolves the spatial and temporal variations of the water quality is essential in the sustainable management of water resources and pollution control. Due to cost concerns, it is important to optimize the monitoring locations so to use the least number of stations required to obtain the most comprehensive monitoring. The optimal design of monitoring networks is commonly based on the limited data available from existing measuring stations. The main contribution of this paper is the use of a numerical water quality model, calibrated with the available data. This model yields information on the water quality in any cross-section along the river, including the river reaches that are not monitored. Another contribution of the paper is the use of a matter-element analysis that allows for an objective division of the river in reaches that are homogeneous with respect to the water quality as assessed from multiple water quality parameters. The optimal monitoring network consists of one measuring station in each of these homogeneous reaches. The method has been applied to optimize the water quality monitoring network on the 1890 km long upper and middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River in Northeast China. The results suggest that the monitoring network improves considerably by relocating three stations, and not by adding extra stations.
建立一个能够解析水质时空变化的监测网络，对于水资源的可持续管理和污染控制至关重要。由于成本问题，优化监测点的位置非常重要，以便用最少的监测站数量获得最全面的监测。监测网络的优化设计通常基于现有测量站的有限数据。本文的主要贡献是使用经过可用数据校准的数值水质模型。该模型提供了有关河流任意横断面水质的信息，包括未监测的河段。本文的另一个贡献是使用物元分析，根据多个水质参数评估的水质，对河流进行客观的河段划分。最优监测网络由每个同质河段中的一个测量站组成。该方法已应用于优化中国东北 1890 公里长的黑龙江上游和中游的水质监测网络。结果表明，通过重新定位三个监测站，而不是增加额外的监测站，可以大大改善监测网络。
