Gibson D R
Department of Psychiatry, Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Psychol Aging. 1990 Dec;5(4):510-3. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.5.4.510.
Empirical links between socioeconomic status and logical and sociomoral judgment were studied. Logical judgment was measured with adaptations of the pendulum and correlations tasks devised by Inhelder and Piaget (1958); sociomoral judgment was scored with the standard Kohlberg interview. Measures of socioeconomic status (SES) were status of family of origin and subject's educational attainment and occupational prestige. In a sample of 83 middle-aged men, the 3 measures of SES accounted for 25% and 12% of the variance in logical and sociomoral judgment, respectively. Adult occupational prestige accounted for 6% of the variance in logical judgment beyond that explained by family status and education, suggesting that adult cognitive functioning may be related to occupational placement, occupational experience, or both.
研究了社会经济地位与逻辑及社会道德判断之间的实证联系。逻辑判断采用对英海尔德和皮亚杰（1958年）设计的钟摆及相关任务进行改编后的测试来衡量；社会道德判断通过标准的科尔伯格访谈进行评分。社会经济地位（SES）的衡量指标包括出身家庭状况、受试者的教育程度和职业声望。在一个由83名中年男性组成的样本中，SES的这三个衡量指标分别解释了逻辑判断和社会道德判断中25%和12%的方差。成年后的职业声望在由家庭地位和教育所解释的方差之外，又解释了逻辑判断中6%的方差，这表明成年人的认知功能可能与职业安置、职业经历或两者都有关。
