Maremmani Angelo Giovanni Icro, Rovai Luca, Rugani Fabio, Pacini Matteo, Lamanna Francesco, Bacciardi Silvia, Perugi Giulio, Deltito Joseph, Dell'osso Liliana, Maremmani Icro
Vincent P. Dole Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santa Chiara University Hospital, University of Pisa Pisa, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2012 Jul 9;3:61. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00061. eCollection 2012.
In a group of 1066 heroin addicts, who were seeking treatment for opioid agonist treatment, we looked for differences in historical, demographic, and clinical characteristics, between patients with different levels of awareness of illness (insight). The results showed that, in the cohort studied, a majority of subjects lacked insight into their heroin-use behavior. Compared with the impaired-insight group, those who possessed insight into their illness showed significantly greater awareness of past social, somatic, and psychopathological impairments, and had a greater number of past treatment-seeking events for heroin addiction. In contrast with other psychiatric illnesses, the presence of awareness appears to be related to the passing of time and to the worsening of the illness. Methodologies to improve the insight of patients should, therefore, be targeted more directly on patients early in their history of heroin dependence, because the risk of lack of insight is greatest during this period.
在一组1066名寻求阿片类激动剂治疗的海洛因成瘾者中，我们研究了不同疾病认知水平（自知力）患者在病史、人口统计学和临床特征方面的差异。结果显示，在所研究的队列中，大多数受试者对其海洛因使用行为缺乏自知力。与自知力受损组相比，有自知力的患者对过去的社会、躯体和精神病理损害有更显著的认识，且过去因海洛因成瘾寻求治疗的次数更多。与其他精神疾病不同，自知力的存在似乎与时间的推移和病情的恶化有关。因此，提高患者自知力的方法应更直接地针对海洛因依赖病史早期的患者，因为在此期间缺乏自知力的风险最大。
