CNISM-Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
Rep Prog Phys. 2012 Feb;75(2):024402. doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/2/024402. Epub 2012 Jan 27.
Nanoantennas for visible and infrared radiation can strongly enhance the interaction of light with nanoscale matter by their ability to efficiently link propagating and spatially localized optical fields. This ability unlocks an enormous potential for applications ranging from nanoscale optical microscopy and spectroscopy over solar energy conversion, integrated optical nanocircuitry, opto-electronics and density-of-states engineering to ultra-sensing as well as enhancement of optical nonlinearities. Here we review the current understanding of metallic optical antennas based on the background of both well-developed radiowave antenna engineering and plasmonics. In particular, we discuss the role of plasmonic resonances on the performance of nanoantennas and address the influence of geometrical parameters imposed by nanofabrication. Finally, we give a brief account of the current status of the field and the major established and emerging lines of investigation in this vivid area of research.
用于可见光和红外辐射的纳米天线通过有效连接传播和空间局域光场的能力，强烈增强了光与纳米级物质的相互作用。这种能力为从纳米光学显微镜和光谱学到太阳能转换、集成光学纳米电路、光电学和态密度工程，再到超灵敏以及增强光学非线性等应用带来了巨大的潜力。在这里，我们基于已发展成熟的无线电波天线工程和等离子体学的背景，回顾了对基于金属的光天线的现有理解。特别是，我们讨论了等离子体共振对纳米天线性能的影响，并解决了由纳米制造施加的几何参数的影响。最后，我们简要介绍了该领域的现状以及该活跃研究领域中已建立和新兴的主要研究方向。
