CRH, UMR 212 EME, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Av Jean Monnet, BP 171, 34203 Sète, France.
Chemosphere. 2013 Jan;90(2):150-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.06.019. Epub 2012 Jul 13.
The inorganic contamination of sediment and harvested molluscs was investigated in the mangrove environment of Southern West Senegal. Trace metals were analysed in surface sediments, two bivalves (Arca senilis and Crassostera gasar) and three gastropods (Conus spp., Hexaplex duplex and Pugilina morio) collected from four stations: Dionewar, Niodor and Falia localised in the Saloum Delta, and Fadiouth from the Petite Côte. A geochemical normalisation approach by using aluminium allowed for discrimination of sediment contamination among sites. Indeed, Fadiouth appeared highly contaminated with Cd, Hg and Ni compared to the Saloum Delta. For all mangrove sites, trace metals exhibited significant higher concentrations (on a dry weight basis) in shellfish compared to sediments, excepted for Ni and Pb. The distribution pattern followed a similar global trend in molluscs regardless of the spatio-temporal variability, with the predominance of Zn (80% of total metals) followed by Cu and Cd. However, strong differences of metal bioavailability and bioaccumulation in biota were demonstrated, revealing the requirement of employing a suite of organism bioindicators to monitor metal contamination in mangrove ecosystems. From an ecotoxicological point of view, trace metal levels in sediments from the Petite Côte and the Sine-Saloum Estuary were below the effects range-low (ERL) threshold limit of the sediment quality guidelines for adverse biological effects (SQGs). On the opposite, some concerns about Cd contamination of edible shellfish from Southern West Senegal were highlighted, from both the safety point of view of local populations' health, and the chemical quality point of view of exported resources.
本研究调查了塞内加尔西南部红树林环境中沉积物和贝类的无机污染物。在四个地点（迪奥内瓦尔、尼奥多尔和法利奥，位于萨卢姆三角洲，以及法蒂奥）采集了表面沉积物、两种双壳类动物（Arca senilis 和 Crassostera gasar）和三种腹足类动物（Conus spp.、Hexaplex duplex 和 Pugilina morio），并使用铝进行地球化学归一化处理，以区分各地点的沉积物污染情况。与萨卢姆三角洲相比，法蒂奥的 Cd、Hg 和 Ni 污染程度明显较高。对于所有红树林地点，贝类中的痕量金属浓度（以干重计）均明显高于沉积物，除 Ni 和 Pb 外。无论时空变异性如何，贝类中的痕量金属分布模式均遵循类似的全球趋势，其中 Zn 占主导地位（占总金属的 80%），其次是 Cu 和 Cd。然而，生物体内金属生物利用度和生物积累的差异很大，这表明需要采用一系列生物指标来监测红树林生态系统中的金属污染。从生态毒理学的角度来看，来自小科特和锡内-萨卢姆河口的沉积物中的痕量金属水平低于沉积物质量指南中不利生物效应的效应范围低值（ERL）阈值限制。相反，从当地居民健康的安全角度和出口资源的化学质量角度，都对塞内加尔西南部可食用贝类的 Cd 污染提出了担忧。
