Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Helsinki University, PO Box 140, 00029 HUS, Finland.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2012 Dec;26(6):829-40. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.05.011. Epub 2012 Jul 13.
The most important outcome of infertility treatment is a birth of a healthy baby. In many countries, in-vitro fertilisation treatments carry a high risk of twin pregnancy, which brings a higher risk to the mother and child than singleton pregnancies. Preterm delivery and low birth weight are the main factors accounting for the excess in neonatal morbidity. The use of elective single embryo transfer combined with cryopreservation can minimise the twin rate. Recent studies have shown that repeat single-embryo transfer can produce more live births per oocyte retrieval than double-embryo transfer. Ovulation-induction treatment protocols can also be improved and optimised. Correct counselling is important, as many infertile couples may desire twin pregnancies. Good counselling should include realistic information on the risks of twin gestation and also on later burdens with a multiple birth.
不孕症治疗最重要的结果是生下一个健康的婴儿。在许多国家，体外受精治疗有很高的双胞胎妊娠风险，这比单胎妊娠给母亲和孩子带来更高的风险。早产和低出生体重是导致新生儿发病率过高的主要因素。选择性单胚胎移植结合冷冻保存的应用可以最大限度地降低双胞胎的出生率。最近的研究表明，重复单胚胎移植比双胚胎移植每取卵能产生更多的活产。排卵诱导治疗方案也可以得到改善和优化。正确的咨询很重要，因为许多不孕夫妇可能希望怀双胞胎。良好的咨询应包括有关双胞胎妊娠风险的现实信息，以及多胎妊娠后期的负担。
