Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Kresge 7th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2012 Oct;75(8):1379-86. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.05.035. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
Little research has been conducted on the influence of macroeconomic environments on smoking among blue-collar workers, a group with high smoking prevalence and that is especially vulnerable to the effects of changing economic circumstances. Using data from 52,418 construction workers in the Tobacco Use Supplement to the United States Current Population Survey, we examined the association of labor market shock, cigarette prices, and state antismoking sentiments with smoking status and average number of cigarettes smoked daily. Data analysis included the use of multiple linear and logistic regressions, which employed the sampling and replicate weights to account for sampling design. Unemployed, American-Indian, lower-educated and lower-income workers had higher smoking rates. Labor market shock had a quadratic association, which was non-significant for smoking status and significant for number of cigarettes. The association of cigarette prices with smoking status became non-significant after adjusting for state-level antismoking sentiment. State-level antismoking sentiment had significant quadratic association with smoking status among employed workers and significant quadratic association with number of cigarettes for all smokers. The study highlights how both workplace-based smoking cessation interventions and antismoking sentiments could further contribute to disparities in smoking by employment status.
针对蓝领工人（吸烟率较高且特别容易受到经济环境变化影响的群体）的宏观经济环境对吸烟影响的研究甚少。我们利用来自美国当前人口调查烟草使用补充调查的 52418 名建筑工人的数据，研究了劳动力市场冲击、香烟价格和州反吸烟情绪与吸烟状况和每日平均吸烟量之间的关联。数据分析包括使用多元线性和逻辑回归，采用抽样和重复权重来考虑抽样设计。失业、美洲印第安人、受教育程度较低和收入较低的工人吸烟率较高。劳动力市场冲击呈二次关联，对吸烟状况无显著影响，但对吸烟量有显著影响。在调整了州级反吸烟情绪后，香烟价格与吸烟状况的关联变得不显著。州级反吸烟情绪与就业工人的吸烟状况呈显著二次关联，与所有吸烟者的吸烟量呈显著二次关联。该研究强调了基于工作场所的戒烟干预措施和反吸烟情绪如何进一步导致就业状况导致的吸烟差异。
