Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2019 Apr 17;21(5):678-685. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nty109.
Few studies have used longitudinal cohort data to examine associations of cigarette prices with smoking cessation or whether price sensitivity varies by income or education. This study examines these associations in a multicenter US cohort and explores whether associations vary by education and income.
Longitudinal data from baseline daily cigarette smokers aged 18-30 years in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were linked to inflation-adjusted cigarette carton prices from the Council for Community and Economic Research Cost of Living Index based on residential address at baseline and in years 7, 10, and 15 (1985-2001). Multivariable Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of first (any) smoking cessation and sustained smoking cessation (no relapse) associated with each $1 increase in time-dependent cigarette price over 15 years of follow-up. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic, health-related, and policy covariates. We assessed effect modification by education and household income.
Among 1489 participants, a $1.00 higher cigarette carton price was associated with a 16% higher likelihood of first smoking cessation (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.21) and an 8% higher likelihood of sustained smoking cessation (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.14). Associations were strongest among participants with lower income for first cessation, and among those with higher income for sustained cessation. Associations were strongest for participants with less than a high school degree for both outcomes.
Results suggest higher cigarette prices promote smoking cessation among young to middle-aged adults, and that price sensitivity may differ by socioeconomic status.
Few studies have examined longitudinal associations of cigarette prices with smoking cessation, and findings are mixed on whether price sensitivity varies by education or income. In a cohort of US adult daily smokers, cigarette prices were associated with greater likelihood of both a first cessation and sustained cessation. Price associations with first cessation were stronger among low-income smokers, but associations with sustained cessation were stronger among high-income smokers. Results suggest that although higher cigarette prices may promote short-term smoking cessation among smokers at all income levels, additional supports may be needed to facilitate sustained smoking cessation among low-income smokers.
很少有研究使用纵向队列数据来检验香烟价格与戒烟之间的关系，也很少有研究检验价格敏感性是否因收入或教育水平而异。本研究在美国多中心队列中检验了这些关联，并探讨了这些关联是否因教育和收入水平而异。
从冠状动脉风险发展在年轻人研究中年龄在 18-30 岁的基线每日吸烟者的纵向数据，根据基线和第 7 年、第 10 年和第 15 年（1985-2001 年）的居住地与社区和经济研究理事会的通胀调整后的香烟盒价格相联系。基于生活成本指数。多变量 Cox 模型估计了与 15 年随访期间每增加 1 美元的时间依赖香烟价格相关的首次（任何）戒烟和持续戒烟（无复发）的危害比（HRs）。模型调整了社会人口统计学、健康相关和政策协变量。我们评估了教育和家庭收入的效应修饰作用。
在 1489 名参与者中，香烟盒价格每上涨 1 美元，首次戒烟的可能性就会增加 16%（HR = 1.16，95%CI = 1.11 至 1.21），持续戒烟的可能性就会增加 8%（HR = 1.08，95%CI = 1.02 至 1.14）。对于首次戒烟，收入较低的参与者的关联最强，而对于持续戒烟，收入较高的参与者的关联最强。对于两个结果，受教育程度较低的参与者的关联最强。
结果表明，较高的香烟价格促进了年轻到中年成年人的戒烟，并且价格敏感性可能因社会经济地位而异。
很少有研究检验香烟价格与戒烟之间的纵向关联，并且关于价格敏感性是否因教育或收入而异的研究结果也不一致。在一项美国成年每日吸烟者的队列研究中，香烟价格与首次戒烟和持续戒烟的可能性增加有关。与低收入吸烟者相比，首次戒烟的价格关联更强，但与高收入吸烟者相比，持续戒烟的价格关联更强。结果表明，尽管较高的香烟价格可能会促进所有收入水平的吸烟者短期戒烟，但可能需要额外的支持来促进低收入吸烟者的持续戒烟。
