UMR CNRS 6552, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes cédex, France.
J Mol Biol. 2012 Oct 19;423(2):135-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.07.005. Epub 2012 Jul 10.
The evolution of eukaryotes addresses an enigmatic question: what are the evolutionary advantages of having a nucleus? The nucleus is traditionally thought to act as protection for DNA, but eukaryotes are more fragile than bacteria. The compartmentalization of the eukaryotic cell might stem from invaginations of the plasma membrane, and I argue that this autogenous origin of the nucleus constituted a selective innovation caused by cellular constraints due to a large genome. The protoeukaryotic nucleus appears to be a physical and chemical solution to the problem of large amounts of DNA in the form of many linear chromosomes. The selective advantages of having a nuclear envelope are to house a large genome in a stabilized structure and to decouple gene translation from transcription. Supporting the karyogenic model, this new hypothesis opens an original perspective to help in understanding the very ancient origin of eukaryotes.
拥有细胞核有什么进化优势？传统上认为细胞核可以保护 DNA，但真核生物比细菌更脆弱。真核细胞的区室化可能源于质膜的内陷，我认为，由于基因组较大，细胞核的这种自体起源是由细胞限制引起的选择性创新。原始真核细胞核似乎是一种物理和化学解决方案，用于解决大量线性染色体形式的 DNA 问题。拥有核膜的选择优势是将大型基因组容纳在稳定的结构中，并使基因翻译与转录解耦。支持核发生模型，这个新假说为帮助理解真核生物非常古老的起源提供了一个独特的视角。
