Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 - Zürich, Switzerland.
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Sep;46(11):792-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091231. Epub 2012 Jul 14.
The general practice of altitude training is widely accepted as a means to enhance sport performance despite a lack of rigorous scientific studies. For example, the scientific gold-standard design of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial has never been conducted on altitude training. Given that few studies have utilised appropriate controls, there should be more scepticism concerning the effects of altitude training methodologies. In this brief review we aim to point out weaknesses in theories and methodologies of the various altitude training paradigms and to highlight the few well-designed studies to give athletes, coaches and sports medicine professionals the current scientific state of knowledge on common forms of altitude training. Another aim is to encourage investigators to design well-controlled studies that will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms and potential benefits of altitude training.
尽管缺乏严格的科学研究，但高原训练作为提高运动表现的一种方法已被广泛接受。例如，从未对高原训练进行过科学金标准设计的双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉试验。由于很少有研究使用了适当的对照，因此对于高原训练方法的效果应该持更多的怀疑态度。在这篇简要的综述中，我们旨在指出各种高原训练模式的理论和方法学中的弱点，并强调少数设计良好的研究，以使运动员、教练和运动医学专业人员了解常见形式的高原训练的当前科学知识状态。另一个目的是鼓励研究人员设计更好的对照研究，以增强我们对高原训练机制和潜在益处的理解。
