Arenas-Hernández Margarita M P, Martínez-Laguna Ygnacio, Torres Alfredo G
Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, B. Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2012 Oct;14(5):386-94. doi: 10.1007/s11894-012-0277-1.
Pathogenic Escherichia coli that colonize the small intestine primarily cause gastrointestinal illness in infants and travelers. The main categories of pathogenic E. coli that colonize the epithelial lining of the small intestine are enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, and enteroaggregative E. coli. These organisms accomplish their pathogenic process by a complex, coordinated multistage strategy, including nonintimate adherence mediated by various adhesins. These so called "enteroadherent E. coli" categories subsequently produce toxins or effector proteins that are either secreted to the milieu or injected to the host cell. Finally, destruction of the intestinal microvilli results from the intimate adherence or the toxic effect exerted over the epithelia, resulting in water secretion and diarrhea. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding these enteroadherent E. coli strains and the present clinical understanding of how these organisms colonize the human intestine and cause disease.
定殖于小肠的致病性大肠杆菌主要在婴儿和旅行者中引起胃肠道疾病。定殖于小肠上皮的主要致病性大肠杆菌类别为产肠毒素大肠杆菌、致病性大肠杆菌和集聚性大肠杆菌。这些病原体通过复杂、协调的多阶段策略完成其致病过程，包括由各种黏附素介导的非紧密黏附。这些所谓的“肠黏附性大肠杆菌”类别随后产生毒素或效应蛋白，这些毒素或效应蛋白要么分泌到周围环境中，要么注入宿主细胞。最后，肠道微绒毛的破坏是由紧密黏附或对上皮细胞施加的毒性作用导致的，从而导致水分分泌和腹泻。在本综述中，我们总结了关于这些肠黏附性大肠杆菌菌株的当前知识状态，以及目前对这些病原体如何定殖于人体肠道并致病的临床认识。
