Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2012 Jul;21(3):527-39. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2012.05.003. Epub 2012 May 24.
Over the last decade, psychopharmacologic treatments for pediatric anxiety disorders have been developed and increasingly subjected to randomized, controlled trials. The authors summarize the data concerning the use of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical anxiolytics, and benzodiazepines. The extant data suggest that SSRIs--both as monotherapy and when combined with psychotherapy--are effective in the treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders. In addition, some TCAs and SNRIs are effective. However, randomized controlled trials do not suggest efficacy for benzodiazepines or the atypical anxiolytic, buspirone, for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders.
在过去的十年中，已经开发出了针对儿童焦虑障碍的精神药理学治疗方法，并越来越多地进行了随机对照试验。作者总结了有关三环抗抑郁药（TCAs）、选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）、5-羟色胺去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（SNRIs）、非典型抗焦虑药和苯二氮䓬类药物的使用数据。现有的数据表明，SSRIs——无论是单独使用还是与心理治疗联合使用——在治疗儿童焦虑障碍方面都是有效的。此外，一些 TCA 和 SNRIs 也有效。然而，随机对照试验并未表明苯二氮䓬类药物或非典型抗焦虑药丁螺环酮对患有焦虑障碍的儿童和青少年有效。
