Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Poult Sci. 2012 Aug;91(8):1928-35. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02261.
The energy value of wheat, barley, and 2 samples of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (WDDGS) for broiler chickens were determined in 2 experiments with Ross 708 broiler chickens from d 15 to 22 posthatch. The birds were fed a standard broiler starter diet from d 1 to 15 posthatch. In each experiment, 320 birds were grouped by weight into 8 blocks of 5 cages with 8 birds per cage and assigned to 5 diets. There were 5 diets in each experiment consisting of a corn-soybean meal reference diet (RD) and 4 test diets (TD). The TD consisted of each of the 2 WDDGS samples (experiment 1), wheat, or barley (experiment 2) that partly replaced the energy sources in the RD at 100 or 200 g/kg such that the same ratios were maintained for all energy ingredients across all experimental diets. The ileal digestible energy (IDE), ME, and MEn of the WDDGS samples, wheat, and barley were determined by the regression method. Dry matter of WDDGS1, WDDGS2, wheat, and barley were 939, 947, 899, and 890 g/kg, respectively; the gross energies were 4,838; 4,825; 4,456; and 4,567 kcal/kg of DM, respectively. Addition of WDDGS to the RD in experiment 1 linearly decreased (P<0.01) ileal nitrogen and energy digestibilities, total tract utilization of DM, energy and nitrogen, as well as ME and MEn of the TD. In experiment 2, IDE, ME, and MEn in the TD decreased (P<0.01) with increasing levels of barley in the diets, but wheat inclusion had no effect on the IDE, ME, and MEn of the diets. Wheat inclusion linearly improved (P<0.05) DM and energy utilization in TD. The DE, ME, and MEn of the test ingredients were determined by the regression method in which the test ingredient contribution to DE, ME, and MEn in kilocalories was regressed against the amount of test ingredient in grams. The IDE were 2,001 and 1,831 kcal/kg of DM for WDDGS1 and WDDGS2, respectively. The respective ME and MEn values were 2,644 and 2,464 kcal/kg of DM for WDDGS1 and 2,215 and 2,092 kcal/kg of DM for WDDGS2. The respective IDE, ME, and MEn of wheat for broiler chickens were 3,413; 3,713; and 3,372 kcal/kg of DM. The barley sample evaluated contained 2,364 kcal of IDE, 2,894 kcal of ME, and 2,841 kcal of MEn/kg of DM for broiler chickens.
本试验旨在测定 2 种小麦干酒糟及其可溶物（wheat dried distillers grains with solubles，WDDGS）和小麦在 Ross 708 肉鸡体内的能量值，15 日龄雏鸡至 22 日龄肉鸡参与试验。1 日龄至 15 日龄肉鸡饲喂基础开食料，15 日龄至 22 日龄肉鸡饲喂标准肉鸡育成日粮。在每个试验中，320 只肉鸡按体重分为 8 个组，每组 5 个重复，每个重复 8 只鸡，共设 5 种日粮。每个试验均包含玉米-豆粕基础日粮（对照日粮，reference diet，RD）和 4 种试验日粮（test diets，TD）。TD 部分替代 RD 中的能量源，替代水平为 100 或 200 g/kg，WDDGS1 和 WDDGS2 以及小麦和大麦的 2 个 WDDGS 样本、小麦或大麦均为替代物，使所有试验日粮的所有能量成分之间的比例保持一致。采用回归法测定 WDDGS 样本、小麦和大麦的回肠可消化能（ileal digestible energy，IDE）、代谢能（metabolizable energy，ME）和代谢能真效率（metabolizable energy net efficiency，MEn）。WDDGS1、WDDGS2、小麦和大麦的干物质含量分别为 939、947、899 和 890 g/kg，总能分别为 4838、4825、4456 和 4567 kcal/kg 干物质。在试验 1 中，RD 中添加 WDDGS 线性降低（P<0.01）了肉鸡的回肠氮和能量消化率、全肠道养分利用率以及 TD 的 ME 和 MEn。在试验 2 中，随着饲粮中大麦水平的增加，TD 的 IDE、ME 和 MEn 线性降低（P<0.01），但饲粮中添加小麦对 TD 的 IDE、ME 和 MEn 无影响。小麦线性提高（P<0.05）了 TD 的干物质和能量利用率。采用回归法确定了试验原料的 DE、ME 和 MEn 值，其中试验原料对 DE、ME 和 MEn 的贡献值与试验原料的添加量呈线性关系。WDDGS1 和 WDDGS2 的 IDE 值分别为 2001 和 1831 kcal/kg 干物质，ME 和 MEn 值分别为 2644 和 2464 kcal/kg 干物质，2215 和 2092 kcal/kg 干物质。肉鸡的小麦 IDE、ME 和 MEn 值分别为 3413、3713 和 3372 kcal/kg 干物质。所评估的大麦样本含有 2364 kcal/kg 的 IDE、2894 kcal/kg 的 ME 和 2841 kcal/kg 的 MEn。
