University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HSB 5258, 2464 Charlotte St, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012 Oct;8(10):1277-91. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2012.708337. Epub 2012 Jul 18.
The eye is considered as the most privileged organ because of the blood-ocular barrier that acts as a barrier to systemically administered xenobiotics. However, there has been a significant increase in the number of reports on systemic drug-induced ocular complications. If such complications are left untreated, then it may cause permanent damage to vision. Hence, knowledge of most recent updates on ever-increasing reports of such toxicities has become imperative to develop better therapy while minimizing toxicities.
The article is mainly divided into anterior and posterior segment manifestations caused by systemically administered drugs. The anterior segment is further elaborated on corneal complications where as the posterior segment is focused on optic nerve, retinal and vitreous complications. Furthermore, this article includes recent updates on acute and chronic ocular predicaments, in addition to discussing various associated symptoms caused by drugs.
Direct correlation of ocular toxicities due to systemic drug therapy is evident from current literature. Therefore, it is necessary to have detailed documentation of these complications to improve understanding and predict toxicities. We made an attempt to ensure that the reader is aware of the characteristic ocular complications, the potential for irreversible drug toxicity and indications for cessation.
眼睛被认为是最具特权的器官，因为血眼屏障可以阻止全身性给予的外源性物质进入。然而，越来越多的报告表明，全身性药物会引起眼部并发症。如果这些并发症得不到治疗，可能会对视力造成永久性损害。因此，了解最新的关于这些毒性的报道对于开发更好的治疗方法同时最小化毒性变得至关重要。
文章主要分为全身给药引起的前节和后节表现。前节进一步详细阐述了角膜并发症，而后节则侧重于视神经、视网膜和玻璃体并发症。此外，本文还包括了对急性和慢性眼部困境的最新更新，并讨论了药物引起的各种相关症状。
从现有文献中可以明显看出，全身药物治疗引起的眼部毒性有直接相关性。因此，有必要详细记录这些并发症，以提高对毒性的认识和预测。我们试图确保读者了解特征性眼部并发症、潜在的不可逆转的药物毒性和停药指征。
