Division of Investigative Pathology, Scott & White Healthcare and the Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76504, USA.
Curr Mol Med. 2012 Nov 1;12(9):1142-50. doi: 10.2174/156652412803306701.
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a group of physiologically-essential, highly-conserved proteins that are induced by heat shock, as well as by other environmental and pathophysiological stressors. The twentyseven kDa heat shock protein (Hsp27; HspB1) is highly expressed in tumor tissues of patients diagnosed with cancer and expression levels correlate with poor prognosis. HspB1 plays a dual role in cancer and promotes both cancer development by suppressing host anti-cancer response, such as apoptosis and senescence, and facilitates the enhanced expression of metastastic genes. HspB1-mediated protection from tumor cell apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic drugs occurs through several mechanisms, including decreased production of reactive oxygen species, restoration of protein homeostasis and promotion of cell survival by protein folding, stabilization of actin-cytoskeleton, delayed release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and inhibition of activation of caspase-3. High levels of HSP expression affect tumor susceptibility to adjuvant cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, hyperthermia, and radiation. This review highlights the most recent findings and role of HspB1 in metastasis.
热休克蛋白（HSP）是一组生理必需的高度保守的蛋白质，由热休克以及其他环境和病理生理应激诱导产生。27kDa 热休克蛋白（Hsp27；HspB1）在被诊断患有癌症的患者的肿瘤组织中高度表达，其表达水平与预后不良相关。HspB1 在癌症中发挥双重作用，通过抑制宿主的抗癌反应（如细胞凋亡和衰老）促进癌症的发展，并促进转移基因的高表达。HspB1 通过多种机制介导对化疗药物诱导的肿瘤细胞凋亡的保护作用，包括减少活性氧的产生、恢复蛋白质稳态以及通过蛋白质折叠促进细胞存活、稳定肌动蛋白细胞骨架、延迟细胞色素 c 从线粒体释放以及抑制 caspase-3 的激活。HSP 的高表达水平影响肿瘤对辅助癌症治疗（包括化疗、热疗和放疗）的敏感性。本综述强调了 HspB1 在转移中的最新发现和作用。
