Graduate Program in Bioscience and Chemistry, Human Information Systems, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Ishikawa, Japan.
Insect Mol Biol. 2012 Oct;21(5):502-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2012.01153.x. Epub 2012 Jul 13.
Dopamine (DA) and juvenile hormone (JH) are multifunctional regulators of behaviour in social insects, with distinct effects across species and even between different dominance positions within the same species. We examined the effects of JH on the brain dopaminergic system in honey bee males to investigate the potential relationship between JH and DA within Apis mellifera. Both DA content and the expression of three DA receptor genes (Amdop1, Amdop2 and Amdop3) increased in the male honey bee brain from day 4 to day 8 after emergence. Treatment of 4-day-old males with a JH analogue (methoprene, JHA) enhanced brain DA levels. Brain expression of Amdop1 was also enhanced by JHA but not by a DA receptor agonist 2-amino 6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (6,7-ADTN), indicating that Amdop1 up-regulation was not mediated by increased DA receptor stimulation. Furthermore, Amdop1 expression was still enhanced when JHA was co-applied with the DA receptor antagonist cis-(Z)-flupenthixol. Expression levels of Amdop2 and Amdop3 were not altered by JHA, 6,7-ADTN or by JHA plus the DA receptor antagonist. Regulation of the brain dopaminergic system by JH, as observed in solitary species, is conserved in male honey bees but not in female honey bees and other advanced eusocial insects.
多巴胺（DA）和保幼激素（JH）是社会性昆虫行为的多功能调节剂，在不同物种中甚至在同一物种的不同优势地位之间都有不同的影响。我们研究了 JH 对雄性蜜蜂大脑中多巴胺能系统的影响，以研究 JH 和 DA 之间在 Apis mellifera 中的潜在关系。在出现后的第 4 天到第 8 天，雄性蜜蜂大脑中的 DA 含量和三种 DA 受体基因（Amdop1、Amdop2 和 Amdop3）的表达均增加。用 JH 类似物（灭幼脲，JHA）处理 4 天大的雄性，可增强大脑中的 DA 水平。JHA 还增强了 Amdop1 的脑表达，但 DA 受体激动剂 2-氨基-6,7-二羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘（6,7-ADTN）则没有，这表明 Amdop1 的上调不是通过增加 DA 受体刺激介导的。此外，当 JHA 与 DA 受体拮抗剂 cis-（Z）-氟戊噻嗪共同应用时，Amdop1 的表达仍被增强。JHA、6,7-ADTN 或 JHA 加 DA 受体拮抗剂均未改变 Amdop2 和 Amdop3 的表达水平。在独居物种中观察到的 JH 对大脑多巴胺能系统的调节，在雄性蜜蜂中是保守的，但在雌性蜜蜂和其他高级真社会性昆虫中则不是。
