Imaging Department, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Br J Radiol. 2012 Nov;85(1019):e1155-64. doi: 10.1259/bjr/60593124. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
Colorectal cancer is often preventable if the precursor adenoma is detected and removed. Although ultrasound is clearly not one of the widely accepted screening techniques, this non-invasive and radiation-free modality is also capable of detecting colonic polyps, both benign and malignant. Such colon lesions may be encountered when not expected, usually during general abdominal sonography. The discovery of large colonic polyps is important and can potentially help reduce the incidence of a common cancer, whereas detection of a malignant polyp at an early stage may result in a curative intervention. This pictorial review highlights our experience of sonographic detection of colonic polyps in 43 adult patients encountered at our institutions over a 2-year period. 4 out of 50 discovered polyps were found to be malignant lesions, 3 polyps were hyperplastic, 1 polyp was a hamartomatous polyp and the rest were benign adenomas. The smallest of the detected polyps was 1.3 cm in diameter, the largest one was 4.0 cm (mean 1.7 cm; median 1.6 cm). In each case, polyps were discovered during a routine abdominal or pelvic examination, particularly when scanning was supplemented by a brief focused sonographic inspection of the colon with a 6-10 MHz linear transducer. In this paper, we illustrate the key sonographic features of different types of commonly encountered colonic polyps in the hope of encouraging more observers to detect these lesions, which may be subtle.
结直肠癌通常可以预防，如果能够检测到并切除其前期腺瘤。虽然超声检查显然不是广泛接受的筛查技术之一，但这种非侵入性、无辐射的方法也能够检测出结肠息肉，包括良性和恶性的。在进行常规腹部超声检查时，通常会遇到这些意外的结肠病变。发现大的结肠息肉很重要，可能有助于降低常见癌症的发病率，而早期发现恶性息肉可能会进行有治愈效果的干预。本影像学综述重点介绍了我们在 2 年内于机构中遇到的 43 例成年患者的结肠息肉超声检测经验。在 50 个发现的息肉中，有 4 个被发现为恶性病变，3 个为增生性息肉，1 个为错构瘤性息肉，其余为良性腺瘤。检测到的最小息肉直径为 1.3cm，最大息肉直径为 4.0cm（平均直径 1.7cm；中位数 1.6cm）。在每种情况下，息肉都是在常规腹部或盆腔检查中发现的，尤其是在使用 6-10MHz 线性探头对结肠进行短暂的聚焦超声检查时。在本文中，我们展示了不同类型常见结肠息肉的关键超声特征，希望鼓励更多的观察者检测这些可能较细微的病变。
