Srugo I, Brunell P A
Pediatrics Infectious Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048.
Pediatr Ann. 1990 Dec;19(12):708-11. doi: 10.3928/0090-4481-19901201-09.
Administration of measles vaccine has sharply reduced the occurrence of measles. However, "mini epidemics" occurring at increasing intervals through 1989 brought about the need for a routine two-dose schedule of measles vaccination. The prevention of preschool cases and school-based cases are two major goals of this new schedule. A two-dose schedule will address the latter goal, however, it will not affect the more difficult problem of measles among preschoolers, a group with lower immunization rates than school-age children. The use of Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine in developing countries offers the promise of reducing worldwide disease rates in young infants in the future. However, the major goal in the United States and other developed countries is to increase levels of measles immunity.
麻疹疫苗的接种已大幅减少了麻疹的发生。然而，在1989年期间间隔越来越短出现的“小规模疫情”，使得有必要实行常规的两剂次麻疹疫苗接种计划。预防学龄前儿童病例和学校内病例是这一新计划的两个主要目标。两剂次接种计划将实现后一个目标，然而，它不会影响解决学龄前儿童中更棘手的麻疹问题，该群体的免疫接种率低于学龄儿童。在发展中国家使用埃德蒙斯顿- Zagreb麻疹疫苗有望在未来降低全球幼儿的疾病发病率。然而，美国和其他发达国家的主要目标是提高麻疹免疫力水平。
